Diabetes, Vol 30, Issue 1 19-25, Copyright © 1981 by American Diabetes Association

ARTICLES

Body weight, skeletal muscle morphology, and enzyme activities in relation to fasting serum insulin concentration and glucose tolerance in 48-year-old men

H Lithell, F Lindgarde, K Hellsing, G Lundqvist, E Nygaard, B Vessby and B Saltin

Tissue samples were taken from the gastrocnemius muscle of 26 randomly selected, glucose-tolerant, 48-yr-old men. Hexokinase, phosphorylase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase, and lipoprotein lipase activity (LPLA), as well as the area per fiber type and capillary density, were determined. Mean fiber area correlated positively with relative body weight (r equals 0.53, P less than 0.01), but capillary density did not. The result is that, in cases of high body weight, each capillary supplies a larger muscle fiber area. Serum insulin concentration in the fasting state correlated positively with body weight (r equals 0.77, P less than 0.001) and with mean fiber area per capillary (r equals 0.87; P less than 0.001). Only during the latter part of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) did blood glucose concentrations correlate with relative body weight and mean fiber area per capillary (r equals 0.42, r equals 0.51, P less than 0.05). A stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the different muscle morphology measurements could account for 3/4 of the variation in the fasting serum insulin concentration, the fasting insulin/glucose ratio, and the blood glucose concentration at 120 min in the OGTT. Of the intracellular enzymes, only LDH (r equals -0.71, P less than 0.001) correlated with the mean fiber area per capillary. LPLA correlated with capillary density (r equals 0.66, P less than 0.001), and, long with the muscle morphology measurements, could account for 3/4 of the variation in serum triglyceride concentrations. The results show that a large mean muscle fiber area/capillary ratio indicates a morphologic imbalance, which is related to both glucose tolerance and various degrees of insulin sensitivity.
CiteULike    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. Oberbach, Y. Bossenz, S. Lehmann, J. Niebauer, V. Adams, R. Paschke, M. R. Schon, M. Bluher, and K. Punkt Altered Fiber Distribution and Fiber-Specific Glycolytic and Oxidative Enzyme Activity in Skeletal Muscle of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, April 1, 2006; 29(4): 895 - 900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Sydow, C. E Mondon, and J. P Cooke Insulin resistance: potential role of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor ADMA Vascular Medicine, July 1, 2005; 10(1_suppl): S35 - S43. [Abstract] [PDF]

				K. Sydow, C. E Mondon, and J. P Cooke Insulin resistance: potential role of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor ADMA Vascular Medicine, May 1, 2005; 10(2_suppl): S35 - S43. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D. Prabhakaran and S. S Anand The metabolic syndrome: an emerging risk state for cardiovascular disease Vascular Medicine, February 1, 2004; 9(1): 55 - 68. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. D. Brook, L. Glazewski, S. Rajagopalan, and R. L. Bard Hypertension and Triglyceride Catabolism: Implications for the Hemodynamic Model of the Metabolic Syndrome J. Am. Coll. Nutr., August 1, 2003; 22(4): 290 - 295. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. E. Kelley, J. He, E. V. Menshikova, and V. B. Ritov Dysfunction of Mitochondria in Human Skeletal Muscle in Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes, October 1, 2002; 51(10): 2944 - 2950. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Sjostrand, S. Gudbjornsdottir, A. Holmang, L. Lonn, L. Strindberg, and P. Lonnroth Delayed Transcapillary Transport of Insulin to Muscle Interstitial Fluid in Obese Subjects Diabetes, September 1, 2002; 51(9): 2742 - 2748. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A.D. Hughes and S. Thom Wearing your heart in your sleeve? Eur. Heart J., July 1, 2001; 22(13): 1071 - 1073. [PDF]

				J. S. GREIWE, B. CHENG, D. C. RUBIN, K. E. YARASHESKI, and C. F. SEMENKOVICH Resistance exercise decreases skeletal muscle tumor necrosis factor {alpha} in frail elderly humans FASEB J, February 1, 2001; 15(2): 475 - 482. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Sundstrom, L. Lind, N. Nystrom, B. Zethelius, B. Andren, C. N. Hales, and H. O. Lithell Left Ventricular Concentric Remodeling Rather Than Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Is Related to the Insulin Resistance Syndrome in Elderly Men Circulation, June 6, 2000; 101(22): 2595 - 2600. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Bioletto, A. Golay, R. Munger, B. Kalix, and R. W James Acute hyperinsulinemia and very-low-density and low-density lipoprotein subfractions in obese subjects1 Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2000; 71(2): 443 - 449. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. E. Kelley, B. Goodpaster, R. R. Wing, and J.-A. Simoneau Skeletal muscle fatty acid metabolism in association with insulin resistance, obesity, and weight loss Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 1999; 277(6): E1130 - E1141. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				X. M. Song, J. W. Ryder, Y. Kawano, A. V. Chibalin, A. Krook, and J. R. Zierath Muscle fiber type specificity in insulin signal transduction Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, December 1, 1999; 277(6): R1690 - R1696. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. A. Kern, R. B. Simsolo, and M. Fournier Effect of Weight Loss on Muscle Fiber Type, Fiber Size, Capillarity, and Succinate Dehydrogenase Activity in Humans J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 1999; 84(11): 4185 - 4190. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. A. Houmard, D. S. O'Neill, D. Zheng, M. S. Hickey, and G. L. Dohm Impact of hyperinsulinemia on myosin heavy chain gene regulation J Appl Physiol, June 1, 1999; 86(6): 1828 - 1832. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Raben, E. Mygind, and A. Astrup Lower activity of oxidative key enzymes and smaller fiber areas in skeletal muscle of postobese women Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 1998; 275(3): E487 - E494. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-A. Simoneau and D. E. Kelley Altered glycolytic and oxidative capacities of skeletal muscle contribute to insulin resistance in NIDDM J Appl Physiol, July 1, 1997; 83(1): 166 - 171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]