Diabetes, Vol 37, Issue 5 590-599, Copyright © 1988 by American Diabetes Association

ARTICLES

Day-long integrated serum insulin and C-peptide profiles in patients with NIDDM. Correlation with urinary C-peptide excretion

WT Garvey, JM Olefsky, AH Rubenstein and OG Kolterman
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.

To determine whether non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is characterized by day-long hypoinsulinemia, we measured 24-h serum profiles for glucose, insulin, and C-peptide by use of a constant-rate blood-withdrawal technique in diabetic and control subjects fed isocaloric meals. When only lean subjects were considered, diabetic subjects (relative body weight 0.99 +/- 0.3) and control subjects (relative body weight 0.95 +/- 0.03) had similar 24-h integrated serum insulin concentrations (13.4 +/- 2.5 vs. 16.1 +/- 2.0 microU/ml, P NS) due to the offsetting effects of increased basal levels and decreased postprandial responses in NIDDM. In contrast, both basal and meal-stimulated insulin levels were decreased in obese NIDDM subjects (relative body weight 1.39 +/- 0.07) compared with obese control subjects (relative body weight 1.60 +/- 0.08), resulting in a 61% reduction in the 24-h integrated insulin value (18.7 +/- 1.5 vs. 48.4 +/- 13.7 microU/ml). Thus, the capacity to increase 24-h integrated serum insulin as a function of relative body weight was impaired in NIDDM subjects (r = 0.27, P NS) compared with control subjects (r = .70, P less than .01). In contrast, 24-h integrated C-peptide was decreased (P less than .01) in both lean (0.92 +/- 0.13 pM/ml) and obese (1.52 +/- 0.19 pM/ml) NIDDM patients compared with the respective control groups (1.50 +/- 0.13 and 3.03 +/- 0.44 pM/ml). The molar ratio of 24-h integrated C-peptide to insulin was diminished in lean but not obese NIDDM compared with control subjects. A 3-wk period of intensive insulin therapy led to normalization of the mean 24-h integrated insulin (but not integrated serum C-peptide) value in NIDDM compared with a control group that had an identical mean relative body weight. The 24-h urinary C-peptide measured on the same day as the serum profile was correlated (P less than .01) with both the 24-h integrated serum insulin (r = .69) and C-peptide (r = .67) concentrations in control subjects but not in NIDDM subjects (r = .20 and .04, respectively, P NS). Additionally, the urinary clearance of C-peptide was increased in NIDDM (38.1 +/- 7.8 vs. 20.4 +/- 1.7 ml/min in control subjects, P less than .05) and varied with treatment status (26.0 +/- 4.6 ml/min after insulin therapy).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
CiteULike    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C.-K. Hyun, I.-Y. Kim, and S. C. Frost Soluble Fibroin Enhances Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Metabolism in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes J. Nutr., December 1, 2004; 134(12): 3257 - 3263. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Van Cauter, K. S. Polonsky, and A. J. Scheen Roles of Circadian Rhythmicity and Sleep in Human Glucose Regulation Endocr. Rev., October 1, 1997; 18(5): 716 - 738. [Abstract] [Full Text]