Diabetes, Vol 39, Issue 11 1425-1429, Copyright © 1990 by American Diabetes Association

ARTICLES

Effects of exercise training on insulin-regulatable glucose-transporter protein levels in rat skeletal muscle

KJ Rodnick, JO Holloszy, CE Mondon and DE James
Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.

Exercise training has been shown to enhance the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake in responsive tissues. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of exercise training on the levels of the insulin-regulatable glucose transporter (IRGT) in rat skeletal muscle. After 6 wk of voluntary running in exercise-wheel cages, male Sprague-Dawley rats were rested for approximately 27 h and fasted overnight before removal of plantaris and soleus muscles. The concentration of glucose transporters per unit of muscle protein or DNA was quantitated by immunoblotting with an anti-IRGT polyclonal antibody raised against a synthetic peptide. The IRGT protein was increased by 60% (141 +/- 14 vs. 229 +/- 24 counts/min [cpm]/25 micrograms protein, P less than 0.01) in plantaris muscle from exercise-trained rats compared with controls. Total protein yield, DNA content, and 5'-nucleotidase activity were not different in plantaris muscle from control and exercise-trained rats. In contrast, there was no significant increase in the IRGT protein in soleus muscle after training when data were expressed per unit of muscle protein (292 +/- 22 vs. 346 +/- 16 cpm/25 micrograms protein). These data indicate that the increase in the IRGT in plantaris muscle is a selective response to exercise training that does not reflect an overall increase in muscle protein. The changes in IRGT for these muscles with exercise training parallel changes observed in insulin-mediated glucose uptake. We propose that this increase in the total number of glucose transporters may be a major component of the increase in insulin-mediated glucose uptake that is observed with exercise training.
CiteULike    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B. Qin, Y. Oshida, P. Li, M. Kubota, M. Nagasaki, and Y. Sato Voluntary Running Improves In Vivo Insulin Resistance in High-Salt Diet Fed Rats Experimental Biology and Medicine, November 1, 2007; 232(10): 1330 - 1337. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. O. Holloszy Exercise-induced increase in muscle insulin sensitivity J Appl Physiol, July 1, 2005; 99(1): 338 - 343. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. S Kump and F. W Booth Sustained rise in triacylglycerol synthesis and increased epididymal fat mass when rats cease voluntary wheel running J. Physiol., June 15, 2005; 565(3): 911 - 925. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Pold, L. S. Jensen, N. Jessen, E. S. Buhl, O. Schmitz, A. Flyvbjerg, N. Fujii, L. J. Goodyear, C. F. Gotfredsen, C. L. Brand, et al. Long-Term AICAR Administration and Exercise Prevents Diabetes in ZDF Rats Diabetes, April 1, 2005; 54(4): 928 - 934. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. F. Holmes, D. B. Lang, M. J. Birnbaum, J. Mu, and G. L. Dohm AMP kinase is not required for the GLUT4 response to exercise and denervation in skeletal muscle Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, October 1, 2004; 287(4): E739 - E743. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. O. Holloszy A forty-year memoir of research on the regulation of glucose transport into muscle Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, March 1, 2003; 284(3): E453 - E467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. L. Dohm Exercise Effects on Muscle Insulin Signaling and Action: Invited Review: Regulation of skeletal muscle GLUT-4 expression by exercise J Appl Physiol, August 1, 2002; 93(2): 782 - 787. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. J. Henriksen Exercise Effects of Muscle Insulin Signaling and Action: Invited Review: Effects of acute exercise and exercise training on insulin resistance J Appl Physiol, August 1, 2002; 93(2): 788 - 796. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. Saengsirisuwan, F. R. Perez, T. R. Kinnick, and E. J. Henriksen Effects of exercise training and antioxidant R-ALA on glucose transport in insulin-sensitive rat skeletal muscle J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2002; 92(1): 50 - 58. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. S. Fisher, J. Gao, D.-H. Han, J. O. Holloszy, and L. A. Nolte Activation of AMP kinase enhances sensitivity of muscle glucose transport to insulin Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, January 1, 2002; 282(1): E18 - E23. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. R. Paulsen, D. S. Rubink, and W. W. Winder AMP-activated protein kinase activation prevents denervation-induced decline in gastrocnemius GLUT-4 J Appl Physiol, November 1, 2001; 91(5): 2102 - 2108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. L. Dumke, J. S. Rhodes, T. Garland Jr, E. Maslowski, J. G. Swallow, A. C. Wetter, and G. D. Cartee Genetic selection of mice for high voluntary wheel running: effect on skeletal muscle glucose uptake J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2001; 91(3): 1289 - 1297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Kawanaka, L. A. Nolte, D.-H. Han, P. A. Hansen, and J. O. Holloszy Mechanisms underlying impaired GLUT-4 translocation in glycogen-supercompensated muscles of exercised rats Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, December 1, 2000; 279(6): E1311 - E1318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Tatchum-Talom, R. Schulz, J. R. McNeill, and F. H. Khadour Upregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in skeletal muscle by swim training Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2000; 279(4): H1757 - H1766. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. F. Allard, R. B. Wambolt, S. L. Longnus, M. Grist, C. P. Lydell, H. L. Parsons, B. Rodrigues, J. L. Hall, W. C. Stanley, and G. P. Bondy Hypertrophied rat hearts are less responsive to the metabolic and functional effects of insulin Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 2000; 279(3): E487 - E493. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. R. Foianini, M. S. Steen, T. R. Kinnick, M. B. Schmit, E. B. Youngblood, and E. J. Henriksen Effects of exercise training and ACE inhibition on insulin action in rat skeletal muscle J Appl Physiol, August 1, 2000; 89(2): 687 - 694. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. H. Host, P. A. Hansen, L. A. Nolte, M. M. Chen, and J. O. Holloszy Glycogen supercompensation masks the effect of a traininginduced increase in GLUT-4 on muscle glucose transport J Appl Physiol, July 1, 1998; 85(1): 133 - 138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Ishihara, R. R. Roy, Y. Ohira, Y. Ibata, and V. R. Edgerton Hypertrophy of rat plantaris muscle fibers after voluntary running with increasing loads J Appl Physiol, June 1, 1998; 84(6): 2183 - 2189. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. H. Host, P. A. Hansen, L. A. Nolte, M. M. Chen, and J. O. Holloszy Rapid reversal of adaptive increases in muscle GLUT-4 and glucose transport capacity after training cessation J Appl Physiol, March 1, 1998; 84(3): 798 - 802. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. W. Balon and J. L. Nadler Evidence that nitric oxide increases glucose transport in skeletal muscle J Appl Physiol, January 1, 1997; 82(1): 359 - 363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Baqué, J. J. Guinovart, and A. M. Gómez-Foix Overexpression of Muscle Glycogen Phosphorylase in Cultured Human Muscle Fibers Causes Increased Glucose Consumption and Nonoxidative Disposal J. Biol. Chem., February 2, 1996; 271(5): 2594 - 2598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I Guillet-Deniau, A Leturque, and J Girard Expression and cellular localization of glucose transporters (GLUT1, GLUT3, GLUT4) during differentiation of myogenic cells isolated from rat foetuses J. Cell Sci., January 3, 1994; 107(3): 487 - 496. [Abstract] [PDF]