Diabetes, Vol 40, Issue 6 653-659, Copyright © 1991 by American Diabetes Association

ARTICLES

Pathobiology of endothelial and other vascular cells in diabetes mellitus. Call for data

M Lorenzi and E Cagliero
Eye Research Institute, Boston, MA 02114.

Because the pathogenetic understanding of diabetic vascular complications remains fragmentary, and even the best available interventions may prove insufficient to arrest the progression of certain lesions, new avenuses of investigation should be pursued. One of these should be the early in vivo investigation of the cells that endure the pathological process (pericytes and endothelial and mesangial cells), preferably in humans. The abnormal vascular architecture (i.e., capillary acellularity, microaneurysms, thickened basement membranes, and mesangial expansion) and the hemostatic and hemodynamic alterations observed in diabetes point to an adaptive/maladaptive replicative and biosynthetic program triggered by the metabolic perturbation, but positive documentation of cellular changes in vivo remains grossly insufficient. Critical review of current knowledge of microangiopathy permits elaboration of specific questions that, with the tools provided by the new molecular technology, may be posed about vascular cells in situ. Knowing whether and how the cell types involved in the vascular complications of diabetes modify their differentiated functions may offer novel targets for intervention and, most important, should provide a much needed "sounding board" against which to test the viability and refine the focus of pathogenetic hypotheses.
CiteULike    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				E. Favaro, I. Miceli, B. Bussolati, M. Schimitt-Ney, P. Cavallo Perin, G. Camussi, and M. M. Zanone Hyperglycemia Induces Apoptosis of Human Pancreatic Islet Endothelial Cells: Effects of Pravastatin on the Akt Survival Pathway Am. J. Pathol., August 1, 2008; 173(2): 442 - 450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Buraczynska, P. Ksiazek, W. Zaluska, T. Nowicka, and A. Ksiazek Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene intron 4 polymorphism in patients with end-stage renal disease Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., September 1, 2004; 19(9): 2302 - 2306. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. McGinn, S. Saad, P. Poronnik, and C. A. Pollock High glucose-mediated effects on endothelial cell proliferation occur via p38 MAP kinase Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, October 1, 2003; 285(4): E708 - E717. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. McGinn, P. Poronnik, M. King, E. D. M. Gallery, and C. A. Pollock High glucose and endothelial cell growth: novel effects independent of autocrine TGF-beta 1 and hyperosmolarity Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, June 1, 2003; 284(6): C1374 - C1386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Heper, T. Durmaz, S. Namik Murat, and E. Ornek Clinical and Angiographic Outcomes of Diabetic Patients After Coronary Stenting: A Comparison of Native Vessel Stent Restenosis Rates in Different Diabetic Subgroups Angiology, May 1, 2002; 53(3): 287 - 295. [Abstract] [PDF]

				T. Sato and S. Roy Effect of High Glucose on Fibronectin Expression and Cell Proliferation in Trabecular Meshwork Cells Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., January 1, 2002; 43(1): 170 - 175. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Risso, F. Mercuri, L. Quagliaro, G. Damante, and A. Ceriello Intermittent high glucose enhances apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in culture Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2001; 281(5): E924 - E930. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. S. Marinos, W. Zhang, G. Wu, K. A. Kelly, and C. J. Meininger Tetrahydrobiopterin levels regulate endothelial cell proliferation Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2001; 281(2): H482 - H489. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Felaco, A. Grilli, M. A. De Lutiis, A. Patruno, N. Libertini, A. A. Taccardi, P. Di Napoli, C. Di Giulio, R. Barbacane, and P. Conti Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Expression and Localization in Healthy and Diabetic Rat Hearts Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., April 1, 2001; 31(2): 179 - 186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Kimura, M. Oike, T. Koyama, and Y. Ito Impairment of endothelial nitric oxide production by acute glucose overload Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, January 1, 2001; 280(1): E171 - E178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. M. Ho, S. H. Liu, C. S. Liau, P. J. Huang, and S. Y. Lin-Shiau High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis in Human Endothelial Cells Is Mediated by Sequential Activations of c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase and Caspase-3 Circulation, June 6, 2000; 101(22): 2618 - 2624. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Giusti, R. Schiaffini, C. Brufani, A. Pantaleo, E. M. Vingolo, and P. Gargiulo Coagulation pathways and diabetic retinopathy: abnormal modulation in a selected group of insulin dependent diabetic patients Br. J. Ophthalmol., June 1, 2000; 84(6): 591 - 595. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				N. de las Heras, P. Aragoncillo, R. Maeso, S. Vazquez-Perez, J. Navarro-Cid, M. DeGasparo, J. Mann, L. M. Ruilope, V. Cachofeiro, and V. Lahera AT1 Receptor Antagonism Reduces Endothelial Dysfunction and Intimal Thickening in Atherosclerotic Rabbits Hypertension, October 1, 1999; 34(4): 969 - 975. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Wolf, F. N. Ziyadeh, G. Zahner, and R. A.K. Stahl Angiotensin II Is Mitogenic for Cultured Rat Glomerular Endothelial Cells Hypertension, April 1, 1996; 27(4): 897 - 905. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. J. D'Amico Diseases of the Retina N. Engl. J. Med., July 14, 1994; 331(2): 95 - 106. [Full Text]

				D. M. Nathan Long-Term Complications of Diabetes Mellitus N. Engl. J. Med., June 10, 1993; 328(23): 1676 - 1685. [Full Text]