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Diabetes, Vol 44, Issue 10 1139-1146, Copyright © 1995 by American Diabetes Association
Hyperglycemia and diabetic kidney disease. The case for transforming growth factor-beta as a key mediator
K Sharma and FN Ziyadeh
Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Renal cells are a rich source of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, and
they serve as targets for its actions. Our hypothesis that activation of
the TGF-beta system in the kidney is implicated in the development of
diabetic renal disease stems from the close similarity of actions of
TGF-beta and high ambient glucose on renal cell growth and extracellular
matrix metabolism. Proximal tubule cells and glomerular mesangial cells
cultured in high glucose concentration express increased TGF-beta 1 mRNA
and protein levels, and treatment with anti-TGF-beta antibodies results in
prevention of the effects of high glucose to induce cellular hypertrophy
and stimulate collagen biosynthesis. Several in vivo studies by different
groups of investigators have reported overexpression of TGF-beta in the
glomeruli in human and experimental diabetes. We have also observed that
the development of renal hypertrophy in the insulin-dependent diabetic BB
rat and NOD mouse is associated with increased expression of TGF-beta 1 in
the kidney and that short-term administration of antibodies capable of
neutralizing the activity of TGF-beta in the streptozotocin mouse model of
diabetes results in attenuation of whole kidney and glomerular hypertrophy
and overexpression of mRNAs encoding matrix components. Together, these
findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the diabetic state
stimulates TGF-beta expression in the kidney and that in turn this growth
factor may mediate, in an autocrine/paracrine manner, some of the principal
early manifestations of diabetic renal disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
WORDS)

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