Diabetes, Vol 44, Issue 10 1156-1160, Copyright © 1995 by American Diabetes Association

ARTICLES

Higher proinsulin and specific insulin are both associated with a parental history of diabetes in nondiabetic Mexican-American subjects

SM Haffner, MP Stern, H Miettinen, R Gingerich and RR Bowsher
Division of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7873, USA.

Both insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion have been hypothesized to be precursors of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. An elevated proinsulin concentration reflects abnormal proinsulin processing and could indicate abnormal insulin secretion. We examined fasting insulin (measured by a radioimmunoassay that does not cross-react with proinsulin), as a marker of insulin resistance, and proinsulin and the fasting proinsulin-to-insulin ratio, as markers of impaired proinsulin processing, in 597 nondiabetic Mexican-Americans from the San Antonio Heart Study. Fasting insulin, proinsulin, and the fasting proinsulin-to-insulin ratio were higher in subjects with a parental history of diabetes than in subjects without such a history. These differences remained statistically significant after adjustment for obesity, body fat distribution, and glucose tolerance. A parental history of diabetes in nondiabetic Mexican-Americans is associated with an increase in fasting specific insulin and a disproportionate increase in proinsulin relative to insulin. These data suggest that both increased insulin resistance and abnormal processing of proinsulin are present in offspring of parents with diabetes.
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