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Diabetes, Vol 44, Issue 11 1285-1289, Copyright © 1995 by American Diabetes Association
Phosphofructokinase isozymes in pancreatic islets and clonal beta-cells (INS-1)
GC Yaney, V Schultz, BA Cunningham, GA Dunaway, BE Corkey and K Tornheim
Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Normal insulin secretion is oscillatory in vivo, and the oscillations are
impaired in type II diabetes. We and others have shown oscillations in
insulin secretion from isolated perifused islets stimulated with glucose,
and in this study we show oscillations in insulin secretion from the
glucose-sensitive clonal beta-cell line INS-1. We have proposed that the
oscillatory insulin secretion may be caused by spontaneous oscillations of
glycolysis and the ATP:ADP ratio in the beta-cell, analogous to those seen
in glycolyzing muscle extracts. The mechanism of the latter involves
autocatalytic activation of the key regulatory enzyme, phosphofructokinase
(PFK), by its product fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (F16BP). However, of the
three PFK subunit isoforms (M-[muscle], L-[liver], and C-type, predominant
in fibroblasts), only M-type is activated by micromolar F16BP at
near-physiological conditions. We therefore studied PFK isoforms in the
beta-cell. Western analysis of PFK subunits in isolated rat islets and
INS-1 cells showed the presence of M-type, as well as C-type and perhaps
lesser amounts of L-type. Kinetic studies of PFK activity in INS-1 cell
extracts showed strong activation by micromolar concentrations of F16BP at
near-physiological concentrations of ATP (several millimolar) and AMP and
fructose 6-phosphate (micromolar), indicative of the M-type isoform.
Activation by submicromolar concentrations of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
(F26BP) and potent inhibition by citrate were also observed. The
F16BP-stimulatable activity was about one-half of the F26BP-stimulatable
activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Copyright © 1995 by the American Diabetes Association.
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