Diabetes 45:1121-1131, 1996
© 1996 by the American Diabetes Association, Inc.
Major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted infiltration and destruction of pancreatic islets by NOD mouse-derived beta-cell cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell clones in vivo
ABSTRACT
NOD mouse-derived beta-cell-specific cytotoxic T-cell (beta-CTL) clones
are diabetogenic in adult NOD mice, but only if co-injected with splenic
CD4+ T-cells from diabetic animals. This investigation was initiated to
determine whether infiltration of pancreatic islets by beta-CTL is a major
histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted response, and whether
beta-CTL has a direct cytopathic effect on beta-cells in vivo. Pancreatic
islets from BALB/c (H-2d) or B6 (H-2b) mice were transplanted under the
renal capsule of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic (NOD x BALB/c) F1
(H-2Kd, H-2Dd,b) or NOD x B6) F1 (H-2Kd,b, H-2Db) mice, respectively.
H-2Kd-restricted beta-CTL clones from NOD mice were transfused into
euglycemic mice within 3 days after transplantation. In all of the H-2d
islet-grafted (NOD x BALB/c) F1 mice that received the beta-CTL clones, the
beta-CTLs homed into the grafts, recruited host Mac-1+ cells and CD4+ and
CD8+ T-cells, and caused diabetes within 7 days. In contrast, none of the
H-2b islet-grafted (NOD x B6) F1 mice who received the beta-CTL clones and
none of the H-2d islet-grafted (NOD x BALB/c) F1 mice who received a
non-beta-cell cytotoxic CTL clone (N beta-CTL) developed graft inflammation
or diabetes. Depletion of CD4+ T-cells in H-2d islet-grafted (NOD x BALB/c)
F1 mice did not prevent beta-CTL clone-induced diabetes but reduced its
severity. In contrast, when the beta-CTL clones were injected > 8 days
after transplantation, none of the H-2d islet-grafted (NOD x BALB/c) F1
mice became diabetic or developed graft inflammation. We conclude that (1)
islet-derived beta-CTLs can destroy beta-cells in vivo; (2) infiltration of
grafted islets by beta-CTLs is an MHC class I-restricted response; (3)
beta-CTLs can recruit naive CD4+ T-cells to the site, leading to further
beta-cell damage; and (4) revascularized islet grafts are, like pancreatic
islets of irradiated adult NOD mice, "sequestered" from circulating
beta-CTLs.

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Copyright © 1996 by the American Diabetes Association.
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