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Diabetes, Vol 47, Issue 12 1817-1823, Copyright © 1998 by American Diabetes Association
Transcribing pancreas
H Edlund
Department of Microbiology, University of Umea, Sweden. helena.edlund@micro.umu.se
For approximately 30-35 years, our insight into some of the fundamental
aspects of pancreas development has been based mainly on two independent
studies performed in the 1960s by Golosow and Grobstein and Wessells and
Cohen. By performing classical embryological experiments, these two reports
described the morphogenesis of the pancreas and the epitheliomesenchymal
interactions that are required for proper pancreas development. In the
1970s, the groups of LeDourain and associates and Rutter and associates
showed, importantly, that despite their similarities with neurons, the
pancreatic endocrine cells, like the exocrine and ductual cells, were of an
endodermal origin. Then during the 1980s, studies pioneered by Rutter, but
also performed by many other groups, were focused on the transcriptional
regulation of endocrine and exocrine genes. This eventually lead to the
cloning of various transcription factors. By using a genetic approach to
study the function of these transcription factors, new insights into
pancreas development have now emerged that, on a molecular level, are
beginning to explain some of the earlier observations. This review
discusses our current knowledge of the mechanisms by which the various
pancreatic cell types are generated.

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