Diabetes, Vol 48, Issue 10 1948-1953, Copyright © 1999 by American Diabetes Association
T-cell production of an inducible interleukin-10 transgene provides limited protection from autoimmune diabetes
ME Pauza, H Neal, A Hagenbaugh, H Cheroutre and D Lo
Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92037, USA.
In a number of animal models of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes,
pathogenesis has been highly correlated with autoreactive T-cell production
of the type 1 cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), while protection from
disease was associated with type 2 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4.
Curiously, in some models, diabetes is associated with unexpected cytokine
patterns; for example, diabetes can develop in NOD mice lacking a
functional IFN-gamma gene. In another situation, acceleration of diabetes
occurs in transgenic mice with constitutive beta-cell expression of the
type 2 cytokine IL-10. IL-10 has generally been associated with
immunosuppression, including the modulation of class II expression on
antigen-presenting cells and the generation of regulatory CD4 T-cells.
Because it is possible that unregulated expression of any cytokine might
lead to unphysiological effects in vivo, we tested the notion that an
inducible T-cell-specific IL-10 transgene might yet mediate a more
physiological protection from autoimmune diabetes. Our results show that
indeed, regulated T-cell production of IL-10 does not accelerate diabetes
and instead can provide significant protection from disease. These results
help rectify the apparent discrepancies between the effect of IL-10 on
various models of autoimmune diabetes.