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Diabetes, Vol 48, Issue 11 2138-2144, Copyright © 1999 by American Diabetes Association
Diabetes-prone and diabetes-resistant BB rats share a common major diabetes susceptibility locus, iddm4: additional evidence for a "universal autoimmunity locus" on rat chromosome 4
AM Martin, MN Maxson, J Leif, JP Mordes, DL Greiner and EP Blankenhorn
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Pennsylvania Hahnemann University, Philadelphia, USA.
Diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats develop autoimmune type 1 diabetes
spontaneously. At least five loci are linked to disease expression: the
major histocompatibility complex (iddm2), two susceptibility loci (iddm4,
iddm5), and, possibly, a resistance locus (iddm3). Spontaneous disease also
requires homozygosity for lyp/iddm1, which causes lymphopenia. It has not
been determined whether lyp/iddm1 is required for predisposition to
diabetes autoimmunity in addition to being required for its spontaneous
expression. We analyzed backcross rats segregating for diabetes but not
lymphopenia using Wistar-Furth (WF) and diabetes-resistant (DR) BB animals.
The latter are nonlymphopenic (lyp+/+) and develop diabetes only in
response to immunological perturbants. Treatment of (DR-BB x WF)F1 x WF
animals (all lyp+/+) using a standard induction protocol caused type 1
diabetes in 58% of progeny. Expression of type 1 diabetes was strongly
linked to iddm4. The results suggest that lyp/iddm1 does not determine the
predisposition to autoimmunity in BB rats and that iddm4 is a major
diabetogenic locus in both DP- and DR-BB animals. The iddm4 gene maps to a
region containing several major autoimmunity loci, including aia2, aia3,
and cia3. We propose that BB rat diabetes requires 1) class II RT1u (iddm2)
for susceptibility, 2) additional loci for disease initiation and
progression in response to perturbants, and 3) lyp for spontaneous disease.

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Copyright © 1999 by the American Diabetes Association.
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