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Diabetes, Vol 48, Issue 11 2240-2245, Copyright © 1999 by American Diabetes Association
Adverse effects of hyperglycemia on kidney development in rats: in vivo and in vitro studies
K Amri, N Freund, J Vilar, C Merlet-Benichou and M Lelievre-Pegorier
Unite de Recherches sur le Developpement Normal et Pathologique des Fonctions Epitheliales, INSERM U 319, Universite Paris, France.
Congenital malformations occur more frequently in the offspring of diabetic
mothers. These in vivo and in vitro studies investigate the potential
adverse effects of hyperglycemia on kidney development in the rat. Female
rats were made hyperglycemic throughout gestation with a single injection
of streptozotocin (STZ) on day 0 of gestation, or for a short period
encompassing the early stage of renal organogenesis by infusing glucose
from gestational days 12-16. Kidney development in the pups was assessed by
determining the total number of nephrons formed in the kidney. The number
of nephrons was significantly reduced (10-35%) in the pups from STZ-treated
dams, as a function of hyperglycemia. There were also fewer nephrons in
pups from dams given glucose infusion whose hyperglycemia was transiently
higher on day 13 of gestation. The in vitro experiments were done on
metanephroi removed from 14-day-old fetuses and grown for 6 days in medium
containing 0, 6.9, 13.8, or 27.5 mmol/l glucose. The development of
explants grown in 0, 13.8, and 27.5 mmol/l glucose was impaired compared
with that of explants grown in the 6.9 mmol/l control medium, showing that
the glucose concentration must be closely controlled to ensure optimum in
vitro metanephros development. Thus, exposure to hyperglycemia in utero can
cause a nephron deficit, which in turn may have renal consequences later in
life.

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Copyright © 1999 by the American Diabetes Association.
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