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Diabetes, Vol 49, Issue 12 2126-2134, Copyright © 2000 by American Diabetes Association
A model to explore the interaction between muscle insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction in the development of type 2 diabetes
F Mauvais-Jarvis, A Virkamaki, MD Michael, JN Winnay, A Zisman, RN Kulkarni and CR Kahn
Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
Type 2 diabetes is a polygenic disease characterized by defects in both
insulin secretion and insulin action. We have previously reported that
isolated insulin resistance in muscle by a tissue-specific insulin receptor
knockout (MIRKO mouse) is not sufficient to alter glucose homeostasis,
whereas beta-cell-specific insulin receptor knockout (betaIRKO) mice
manifest severe progressive glucose intolerance due to loss of
glucose-stimulated acute-phase insulin release. To explore the interaction
between insulin resistance in muscle and altered insulin secretion, we
created a double tissue-specific insulin receptor knockout in these
tissues. Surprisingly, betaIRKO-MIRKO mice show an improvement rather than
a deterioration of glucose tolerance when compared to betaIRKO mice. This
is due to improved glucose-stimulated acute insulin release and
redistribution of substrates with increased glucose uptake in adipose
tissue and liver in vivo, without a significant decrease in muscle glucose
uptake. Thus, insulin resistance in muscle leads to improved
glucose-stimulated first-phase insulin secretion from beta-cells and
shunting of substrates to nonmuscle tissues, collectively leading to
improved glucose tolerance. These data suggest that muscle, either via
changes in substrate availability or by acting as an endocrine tissue,
communicates with and regulates insulin sensitivity in other tissues.

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Copyright © 2000 by the American Diabetes Association.
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