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Diabetes, Vol 49, Issue 3 466-475, Copyright © 2000 by American Diabetes Association
Early glomerular macrophage recruitment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
C Sassy-Prigent, D Heudes, C Mandet, MF Belair, O Michel, B Perdereau, J Bariety and P Bruneval
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Unite 430, Broussais Hospital, Paris, France.
Diabetic glomerulosclerosis is defined by increased glomerular
extracellular matrix (ECM) that is mainly synthesized by mesangial cells
that underwent an activation mediated by cytokines and growth factors from
various cellular origins. In this study, we tested whether macrophages
could infiltrate the glomeruli and influence ECM synthesis in experimental
diabetes. To test our hypothesis, we initially studied the dynamics of
glomerular macrophage recruitment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
at days 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, and 30 by using quantitative reverse
transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on isolated glomeruli and
immunohistochemistry and morphometry. We then assessed the role of
macrophages on the basis of the pharmacological modulation of their
recruitment by insulin or ACE inhibitor treatments and by
X-irradiation-induced macrophage depletion at days 8 and 30. Macrophages
were recruited within the glomeruli at the very early phase of
hyperglycemia by using RT-PCR CD14 detection from day 2 and by using ED1
immunohistochemistry from day 8. This glomerular macrophage infiltration
was associated with an increase in alpha1-chain type IV collagen mRNA. In
parallel, the diabetic glomeruli became hypertrophic with an increase in
the mesangial area. Macrophage recruitment was preceded by or associated
with an increased glomerular expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule
1, intracellular adhesion molecule 1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein
1, which contributes to monocyte diapedesis. Glomerular interleukin-1beta
mRNA synthesis was also enhanced as early as day 1 and could be involved in
the increase in ECM and adhesion molecule gene expressions. Insulin
treatment and irradiation-induced macrophage depletion completely prevented
the glomerular macrophage recruitment and decreased alpha1-chain type IV
collagen mRNA and mesangial area in diabetic rats, whereas ACE inhibitor
treatment had an incomplete effect. It can be concluded that in the
streptozotocin model, hyperglycemia is followed by an early macrophage
recruitment that contributes to the molecular and structural events that
could lead to glomerulosclerosis. Therefore, besides direct stimulation of
mesangial cells by hyperglycemia, macrophages recruited in the glomeruli
during the early phase of hyperglycemia could secondarily act on mesangial
cells.

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Copyright © 2000 by the American Diabetes Association.
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