Diabetes 50:241-247, 2001
© 2001 by the American Diabetes Association, Inc.
Nitric Oxide Increases Glucose Uptake Through a Mechanism That Is Distinct From the Insulin and Contraction Pathways in Rat Skeletal Muscle
Yasuki Higaki,
Michael F. Hirshman,
Nobuharu Fujii, and
Laurie J. Goodyear
From the Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center; Department of
Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; and Harvard Medical School, Boston,
Massachusetts.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Laurie J. Goodyear, PhD,
Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, 1 Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215.
E-mail:
laurie.goodyear{at}joslin.harvard.edu
.
Insulin, contraction, and the nitric oxide (NO) donor, sodium nitroprusside
(SNP), all increase glucose transport in skeletal muscle. Some reports suggest
that NO is a critical mediator of insulin- and/or contraction-stimulated
transport. To determine if the mechanism leading to NO-stimulated glucose
uptake is similar to the insulin- or contraction-dependent signaling pathways,
isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles from rats were
treated with various combinations of SNP (maximum 10 mmol/l), insulin (maximum
50 mU/ml), electrical stimulation to produce contractions (maximum 10 min),
wortmannin (100 nmol/l), and/or the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor
NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) (0.1 mmol/l). The
combinations of SNP plus insulin and SNP plus contraction both had fully
additive effects on 2-deoxyglucose uptake. Wortmannin completely inhibited
insulinstimulated glucose transport and only slightly inhibited SNP-stimulated
2-deoxyglucose uptake, whereas L-NMMA did not inhibit contraction-stimulated
2-deoxyglucose uptake. SNP significantly increased the activity of the
1 catalytic subunit of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a
signaling molecule that has been implicated in mediating glucose transport in
fuel-depleted cells. Addition of the NOS inhibitor
NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (1 mg/ml) to the
drinking water of rats for 2 days failed to affect the increase in muscle
2-deoxyglucose uptake in response to treadmill exercise. These data suggest
that NO stimulates glucose uptake through a mechanism that is distinct from
both the insulin and contraction signaling pathways.

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Copyright © 2001 by the American Diabetes Association.
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