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Diabetes 50:1515-1521, 2001
© 2001 by the American Diabetes Association, Inc.

Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-4{alpha} Involved in Type 1 Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young Is a Novel Target of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase

Isabelle Leclerc, Claudia Lenzner, Laurence Gourdon, Sophie Vaulont, Axel Kahn, and Benoît Viollet

Cochin Institute of Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Development, and Molecular Pathology, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unit 129, Paris, France

Mutations in the HNF4{alpha} gene are responsible for type 1 maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY1), which is characterized by a defect in insulin secretion. Hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4{alpha} is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in the transcriptional regulation of genes involved in glucose metabolism in both hepatocytes and pancreatic ß-cells. Recent evidence has implicated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the modulation of both insulin secretion by pancreatic ß-cells and the control of glucose-dependent gene expression in both hepatocytes and ß-cells. Therefore, the question could be raised as to whether AMPK plays a role in these processes by modulating HNF-4{alpha} function. In this study, we show that activation of AMPK by 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICAR) in hepatocytes greatly diminished HNF-4{alpha} protein levels and consequently downregulates the expression of HNF-4{alpha} target genes. Quantitative evaluation of HNF-4{alpha} target gene expression revealed diminished mRNA levels for HNF-1{alpha}, GLUT2, L-type pyruvate kinase, aldolase B, apolipoprotein (apo)-B, and apoCIII. Our data clearly demonstrate that the MODY1/HNF-4{alpha} transcription factor is a novel target of AMPK in hepatocytes. Accordingly, it can be suggested that in pancreatic ß-cells, AMPK also acts by decreasing HNF-4{alpha} protein level, and therefore insulin secretion. Hence, the possible role of AMPK in the physiopathology of type 2 diabetes should be considered.



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