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Diabetes 51:2727-2733, 2002
© 2002 by the American Diabetes Association, Inc.

Transplantation of Adipose Tissue Lacking Leptin Is Unable to Reverse the Metabolic Abnormalities Associated With Lipoatrophy

Carlo Colombo1, Jaime J. Cutson1, Toshimasa Yamauchi2, Charles Vinson3, Takashi Kadowaki2, Oksana Gavrilova1, and Marc L. Reitman1

1 Diabetes Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
2 Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
3 Metabolism Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

Severe adipose tissue deficiency (lipoatrophy) causes insulin-resistant diabetes, elevated serum triglyceride and fatty acid levels, and massive triglyceride deposition in the liver. In lipoatrophic A-ZIP/F-1 mice, transplantation of normal adipose tissue greatly improved these parameters, whereas 1 week of leptin infusion had more modest effects. In contrast, leptin infusion was strikingly more effective in the aP2-n sterol response element binding protein 1 lipoatrophic mouse. Here we show that a longer duration of leptin infusion further improves the metabolic status of the A-ZIP/F-1 mice and that genetic background does not make a major contribution to the effect of leptin on glucose and insulin levels. Adipose transplantation using leptin-deficient ob/ob fat had no effect on the phenotype of the A-ZIP/F-1 mice. Moreover, the presence of ob/ob adipose tissue did not enhance the effects of leptin infusion. Serum adiponectin levels were 2% of control levels in the A-ZIP/F-1 mouse and increased only twofold with adipose transplantation and not at all after leptin infusion, suggesting that adiponectin deficiency is not a major contributor to the diabetic phenotype. Taken together, these results suggest that sequestration of triglycerides into fat may not be enough to restore a nondiabetic phenotype and that leptin deficiency plays a major role in causing the metabolic complications of lipoatrophy.


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