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Peptide YY_(3–36) Inhibits Morning, but Not Evening, Food Intake and Decreases Body Weight in Rhesus Macaques

¹ Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon
² Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon

Peptide YY_(3–36) [PYY_(3–36)] is a hormone that is released after meal ingestion that is currently being investigated for the treatment of obesity; however, there are conflicting reports of the effects of PYY_(3–36) on energy balance in rodent models. To shed light on this controversy, we studied the effect of PYY_(3–36) on food intake and body weight in a nonhuman primate. Intravenous PYY_(3–36) infusions before a morning meal transiently suppressed the rate of food intake but did not suppress the evening meal or 24-h intake. Twice-daily or continuous intravenous PYY_(3–36) infusions to supraphysiological levels (levels that exceeded normal physiological levels) again suppressed the rate of feeding for the morning but not the evening meal. Twice-daily intravenous PYY_(3–36) infusions for 2 weeks significantly decreased body weight in all test animals (average weight loss 1.9%) without changing insulin response to glucose infusion. These results show that endogenous PYY_(3–36) may alter morning but not evening meal intake, and supraphysiological doses are required for effective suppression of food intake.

Abbreviations: ARH, arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus; IVGTT, intravenous glucose tolerance test; NPY, neuropeptide Y; ONPRC, Oregon National Primate Research Center; PYY_(3–36), peptide YY_(3–36)

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