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Diabetes 54:985-990, 2005
© 2005 by the American Diabetes Association, Inc.
Insulin, C-Peptide, and Leptin Concentrations Predict Increased Visceral Adiposity at 5- and 10-Year Follow-Ups in Nondiabetic Japanese Americans
1 Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
2 Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
3 Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
4 Research and Development Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington
5 Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington
We prospectively examined the relationship between leptin and markers of insulin resistance and secretion and future visceral adipose tissue accumulation. In this study, 518 nondiabetic Japanese-American men and women underwent the following measurements at baseline and at 5- and 10-year follow-ups: plasma glucose and insulin measured after an overnight fast and during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, insulin secretion ratio (ISR) [(30-min insulin – fasting insulin)/30-min glucose], fasting C-peptide levels, plasma leptin (baseline only), and fat areas (intra-abdominal and subcutaneous) measured by computed tomography. Predictors of future intra-abdominal fat (IAF) were determined using multiple linear regression. Fasting insulin and C-peptide levels at baseline were significantly associated with IAF area at 5 years (coefficient = 0.041, P = 0.001 and coefficient = 1.283, P < 0.001, respectively) and 10 years (coefficient = 0.031, P = 0.020 and coefficient = 0.221, P = 0.035, respectively). ISR was not significantly associated with IAF at 5 or 10 years. Leptin level at baseline was positively associated with IAF at 5 years (coefficient = 0.055, P = 0.002) and 10 years (coefficient = 0.059, P = 0.003). In conclusion, higher levels of fasting insulin, C-peptide, and circulating leptin level predicted visceral fat accumulation independent from subcutaneous fat accumulation in nondiabetic Japanese-American men and women in both short-term (5 years) and long-term (10 years) follow-up.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Jenny Tong, MD, VA Puget Sound (S-151), 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108. E-mail: tongj{at}u.washington.edu
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