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Diabetes 54:1277-1282, 2005
© 2005 by the American Diabetes Association, Inc.

Glycogen Synthesis in Human Gastrocnemius Muscle Is Not Representative of Whole-Body Muscle Glycogen Synthesis

Mireille J.M. Serlie1, Jacco H. de Haan2, Cees J. Tack3, Hein J. Verberne4, Mariette T. Ackermans5, Arend Heerschap2, and Hans P. Sauerwein1

1 Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
2 Department of Radiology, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
3 Deparment of General Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
4 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Radiochemistry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
5 Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Radiochemistry, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

The introduction of 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has enabled noninvasive measurement of muscle glycogen synthesis in humans. Conclusions based on measurements by the MRS technique assume that glucose metabolism in gastrocnemius muscle is representative for all skeletal muscles and thus can be extrapolated to whole-body muscle glucose metabolism. An alternative method to assess whole-body muscle glycogen synthesis is the use of [3-3H]glucose. In the present study, we compared this method to the MRS technique, which is a well-validated technique for measuring muscle glycogen synthesis. Muscle glycogen synthesis was measured in the gastrocnemius muscle of six lean healthy subjects by MRS and by the isotope method during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Mean muscle glycogen synthesis as measured by the isotope method was 115 ± 26 µmol · kg–1 muscle · min–1 vs. 178 ± 72 µmol · kg–1 muscle · min–1 (P = 0.03) measured by MRS. Glycogen synthesis rates measured by MRS exceeded 100% of glucose uptake in three of the six subjects. We conclude that glycogen synthesis rates measured in gastrocnemius muscle cannot be extrapolated to whole-body muscle glycogen synthesis.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to M.J.M. Serlie, Academic Medical Centre, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (F5-169), Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. E-mail: m.j.serlie{at}amc.uva.nl

Abbreviations: EGP, endogenous glucose production; GIR, glucose infusion rate; IMCL, intramyocellular lipid concentration; MRS, magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Rd, rate of glucose disposal


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Copyright © 2005 by the American Diabetes Association.