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Multi-SNP Analysis of MHC Region

Remarkable Conservation of HLA-A1-B8-DR3 Haplotype

¹ Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado
² Human Medical Genetics Program Aurora, Colorado
³ Roche Molecular Systems, Berkeley, California
⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Pamela R. Fain PhD, Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Mail Stop B140, P.O. Box 6511, Aurora, CO 80045-6511. E-mail: pam.fain{at}UCHSC.edu

Abbreviations: 8.1 AH, HLA-A1-B8-DR3; DAISY, Diabetes Autoimmunity Study of the Young; LD, linkage disequilibrium; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; STR, short tandem repeat

Technology has become available to cost-effectively analyze thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We recently confirmed by genotyping a small series of class I alleles and microsatellite markers that the extended haplotype HLA-A1-B8-DR3 (8.1 AH) at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a common and conserved haplotype. To further evaluate the region of conservation of the DR3 haplotypes, we genotyped 31 8.1 AHs and 29 other DR3 haplotypes with a panel of 656 SNPs spanning 4.8 Mb in the MHC region. This multi-SNP evaluation revealed a 2.9-Mb region that was essentially invariable for all 31 8.1 AHs. The 31 8.1 AHs were >99.9% identical for 384 consecutive SNPs of the 656 SNPs analyzed. Future association studies of MHC-linked susceptibility to type 1 diabetes will need to account for the extensive conservation of the 8.1 AH, since individuals who carry this haplotype provide no information about the differential effects of the alleles that are present on this haplotype.

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