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Diabetes 55:2051-2058, 2006
DOI: 10.2337/db06-0175
© 2006 by the American Diabetes Association
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AMPK-Mediated AS160 Phosphorylation in Skeletal Muscle Is Dependent on AMPK Catalytic and Regulatory Subunits

Jonas T. Treebak1, Stephan Glund2, Atul Deshmukh2, Ditte K. Klein1, Yun Chau Long2, Thomas E. Jensen1, Sebastian B. Jørgensen1, Benoit Viollet3, Leif Andersson4, Dietbert Neumann5, Theo Wallimann5, Erik A. Richter1, Alexander V. Chibalin2, Juleen R. Zierath2, and Jørgen F.P. Wojtaszewski1

1 Department of Human Physiology, Institute of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
2 Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
3 René Descartes University, Institute Cochin, Paris, France
4 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
5 Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Juleen R. Zierath, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institute, von Eulers väg 4, 4th Floor, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. E-mail: juleen.zierath{at}ki.se

Abbreviations: ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; AICAR, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1 ß-D-ribonucleoside; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; CaMKK, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase; EDL, extensor digitorum longus; GST, glutathione S-transferase; PAS, phospho-Akt substrate; TSC, tuberous sclerosis complex

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric protein that regulates glucose transport mediated by cellular stress or pharmacological agonists such as 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1 ß-D-ribonucleoside (AICAR). AS160, a Rab GTPase-activating protein, provides a mechanism linking AMPK signaling to glucose uptake. We show that AICAR increases AMPK, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and AS160 phosphorylation by insulin-independent mechanisms in isolated skeletal muscle. Recombinant AMPK heterotrimeric complexes ({alpha}1ß1{gamma}1 and {alpha}2ß2{gamma}1) phosphorylate AS160 in a cell-free assay. In mice deficient in AMPK signaling ({alpha}2 AMPK knockout [KO], {alpha}2 AMPK kinase dead [KD], and {gamma}3 AMPK KO), AICAR effects on AS160 phosphorylation were severely blunted, highlighting that complexes containing {alpha}2 and {gamma}3 are necessary for AICAR-stimulated AS160 phosphorylation in intact skeletal muscle. Contraction-mediated AS160 phosphorylation was also impaired in {alpha}2 AMPK KO and KD but not {gamma}3 AMPK KO mice. Our results implicate AS160 as a downstream target of AMPK.


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