HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Lim, G. E. Articles by Brubaker, P. L. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Lim, G. E. Articles by Brubaker, P. L. Social Bookmarking                What's this?

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Secretion by the L-Cell

The View From Within

¹ Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
² Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. P.L. Brubaker, Room 3366, Medical Sciences Building, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada. E-mail: p.brubaker{at}utoronto.ca

Abbreviations: GABA, -aminobutyric acid; GIP, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; GRP, gastrin-releasing peptide; K_ATP channel, ATP-sensitive K⁺ channel; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PKA, protein kinase A; PKC, protein kinase C; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a gut-derived peptide secreted from intestinal L-cells after a meal. GLP-1 has numerous physiological actions, including potentiation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, enhancement of ß-cell growth and survival, and inhibition of glucagon release, gastric emptying, and food intake. These antidiabetic effects of GLP-1 have led to intense interest in the use of this peptide for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. Oral nutrients such as glucose and fat are potent physiological regulators of GLP-1 secretion, but non-nutrient stimulators of GLP-1 release have also been identified, including the neuromodulators acetylcholine and gastrin-releasing peptide. Peripheral hormones that participate in energy homeostasis, such as leptin, have also been implicated in the regulation of GLP-1 release. Recent studies have begun to elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways that mediate the effects of GLP-1 secretagogues on the intestinal L-cell. The purpose of this review is to summarize the known signaling mechanisms of GLP-1 secretagogues based on the available literature. A better understanding of the pathways underlying GLP-1 secretion may lead to novel approaches by which the levels of this important insulinotropic hormone can be enhanced in patients with type 2 diabetes.

CiteULike    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?