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Diabetes 56:494-498, 2007
DOI: 10.2337/db06-0915
© 2007 by the American Diabetes Association
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A Possible Role for the PPARG Pro12Ala Polymorphism in Preterm Birth

Aline Meirhaeghe1, Colin A.G. Boreham2, Liam J. Murray3, Florence Richard1, George Davey Smith4, Ian S. Young5, and Philippe Amouyel1

1 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille 2, Lille, France
2 Institute for Sport and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
3 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queens University of Belfast, Institute of Clinical Science, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, U.K
4 Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, U.K
5 Department of Medicine, Queens University of Belfast, Institute of Clinical Science, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, U.K

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Aline Meirhaeghe, INSERM U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Pr. Calmette, BP 245, 59019 Lille Cedex, France. E-mail: aline.meirhaeghe-hurez{at}pasteur-lille.fr

Abbreviations: AGA, appropriate for gestational age; PPARG, peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor {gamma}; SGA, small for gestational age; TNF-{alpha}, tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}

The links between preterm birth, low birth weight, and adult vascular/metabolic morbidity remain unclear. Genetic susceptibility of babies related to these three conditions might contribute to this long-term association. We tested whether the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor {gamma} (PPARG) gene could play a role in birth weight and duration of gestation. We genotyped two independent cross-sectional studies from Northern Ireland (n = 382 and 620). In combined populations, the PPARG Ala12 allele was associated (P = 0.03) with lower birth weight, primarily caused by shorter gestational duration (P = 0.04). The frequency of Ala12 allele carriers was higher (P = 0.027) in the group of individuals born before term (35%, n = 60) than in the group of individuals born at term (22%, n = 942). The odds ratios (95% CI) of preterm birth for Ala12 allele carriers were 1.9 (1.1–3.4), P = 0.022, and 4.2 (1.9–9.7), P = 0.0006 (adjusted for sex, maternal age, and study), when considering 37 or 35 weeks of pregnancy as a threshold for preterm birth, respectively. Interestingly, the same allele was also associated with a moderate decreased risk of miscarriages in mothers. In conclusion, the PPARG Pro12Ala polymorphism might represent a genetic susceptibility factor for preterm birth and constitute a link between preterm birth and metabolic diseases later in life.


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Copyright © 2007 by the American Diabetes Association.