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Errata

The authors of the above-listed article would like to make the following corrections: In Table 2, the "P value" column heading should be changed to "LOD score." In Table 3, markers "D3S2394" and "D3S2419" should appear as "D3S2398" and "D3S2418," respectively.

Stitt A, Gardiner TA, Alderson NL, Canning P, Frizzell N, Duffy N, Boyle C, Januszewski AS, Chachich M, Baynes JW, Thorpe SR: The AGE inhibitor pyridoxamine inhibits development of retinopathy in experimental diabetes. Diabetes 51:2826–2832, 2002

Nathan L. Alderson’s name was incorrectly listed in the above article in the September issue of Diabetes. The correct author list is shown above.

Iglesias MA, Ye J-M, Frangioudakis G, Saha AK, Tomas E, Ruderman NB, Cooney GJ, Kraegen EW: AICAR administration causes an apparent enhancement of muscle and liver insulin action in insulin-resistant high-fat–fed rats. Diabetes 51:2886–2894, 2002

On page 2891 of the above-listed article, seven lines from the bottom of the first complete paragraph, reference citations 17 and 18 should be 29 and 30, respectively. In addition, due to duplicate citations in the reference list of refs. 2 (repeated as 29) and 11 (repeated as 19), all references subsequent to ref. 18 are mismatched in the text. Thus, the correct listing of refs. 19–50 is shown below.

REFERENCES

19. Kraegen EW, James DE, Storlien LH, Burleigh KM, Chisholm DJ: In vivo insulin resistance in individual peripheral tissues of the high fat fed rat: assessment by euglycaemic clamp plus deoxyglucose administration. Diabetologia 29:192 –198, 1986

20. Kraegen EW, James DE, Bennett SP, Chisholm DJ: In vivo insulin sensitivity in the rat determined by euglycemic clamp. Am J Physiol 245:E1 –E7, 1983

21. Kraegen EW, James DE, Jenkins AB, Chisholm DJ: Dose-response curves for in vivo insulin sensitivity in individual tissues in rats. Am J Physiol 248:E353 –E362, 1985

22. Ellis BA, Poynten A, Lowy AJ, Furler SM, Chisholm DJ, Kraegen EW, Cooney GJ: Long-chain acyl-CoA esters as indicators of lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in rat and human muscle. Am J Physiol 279:E554 –E560, 2000

23. Chan TM, Exton JH: A rapid method for the determination of glycogen content and radioactivity in small quantities of tissue or isolated hepatocytes. Anal Biochem 71:96 –105, 1976

24. McGarry JD, Stark MJ, Foster DW: Hepatic malonyl-CoA levels of fed, fasted and diabetic rats as measured using a simple radioisotopic assay. J Biol Chem 253:8291 –8293, 1978

25. Saha AK, Kurowski TG, Colca JR, Ruderman NB: Lipid abnormalities in tissues of the KKAy mouse: effects of pioglitazone on malonyl-CoA and diacylglycerol. Am J Physiol 267:E95 –E101, 1994

26. Vavvas D, Apazidis A, Saha AK, Gamble J, Patel A, Kemp BE, Witters LA, Ruderman NB: Contraction-induced changes in acetyl-CoA carboxylase and 5'-AMP-activated kinase in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem 272:13255 –13261, 1997

27. Tomas E, Sevilla L, Palacin M, Zorzano A: The insulin-sensitive GLUT4 storage compartment is a postendocytic and heterogeneous population recruited by acute exercise. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 284:490 –495, 2001

28. Carlson CL, Winder WW: Liver AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase during and after exercise. J Appl Physiol 86:669 –674, 1999

29. Winder WW, Holmes BF, Rubink DS, Jensen EB, Chen M, Holloszy JO: Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase increases mitochondrial enzymes in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 88:2219 –2226, 2000

30. Buhl ES, Jessen N, Schmitz O, Pedersen SB, Pedersen O, Geoffrey D. Holman, Lund S: Chronic treatment with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-b-D-ribofuranoside increases insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation in rat skeletal muscles in a fiber type-specific manner. Diabetes 50:12 –17, 2001

31. Delp MD, Duan C: Composition and size of type I, IIA, IID/X, and IIB fibers and citrate synthase activity of rat muscle. J Appl Physiol 80:261 –270, 1996

32. James DE, Jenkins AB, Kraegen EW: Heterogeneity of insulin action in individual muscles in vivo: euglycemic clamp studies in rats. Am J Physiol 248:E567 –E574, 1985

33. Pan DA, Lillioja S, Kriketos AD, Milner MR, Baur LA, Bogardus C, Jenkins AB, Storlien LH: Skeletal muscle triglyceride levels are inversely related to insulin action. Diabetes 46:983 –988, 1997

34. Marchesini G, Brizi M, Morselli-Labate AM, Bianchi G, Bugianesi E, McCullough AJ, Forlani G, Melchionda N: Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with insulin resistance. Am J Med 107:450 –455, 1999

35. Virkamaki A, Korsheninnikova E, Seppala-Lindroos A, Vehkavaara S, Goto T, Halavaara J, Hakkinen AM, Yki-Jarvinen H: Intramyocellular lipid is associated with resistance to in vivo insulin actions on glucose uptake, antilipolysis, and early insulin signaling pathways in human skeletal muscle. Diabetes 50:2337 –2343, 2001

36. Kraegen EW, Cooney GJ, Ye JM, Thompson AL, Furler SM: The role of lipids in the pathogenesis of muscle insulin resistance and beta cell failure in type II diabetes and obesity. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 109:S189 –S201, 2001

37. Thompson AL, Cooney GJ: Acyl-CoA inhibition of hexokinase in rat and human skeletal muscle is a potential mechanism of lipid-induced insulin resistance. Diabetes 49:1761 –1765, 2000

38. Faergeman NJ, Knudsen J: Role of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters in the regulation of metabolism and in cell signalling. Biochem J 323:1 –12, 1997

39. Itani SI, Zhou Q, Pories WJ, MacDonald KG, Dohm GL: Involvement of protein kinase C in human skeletal muscle insulin resistance and obesity. Diabetes 49:1353 –1358, 2000

40. Ruderman NB, Saha AK, Vavvas D, Witters LA: Malonyl-CoA, fuel sensing, and insulin resistance. Am J Physiol 276:E1 –E18, 1999

41. Brown NF, Hill JK, Esser V, Kirkland JL, Corkey BE, Foster DW, McGarry JD: Mouse white adipocytes and 3T3-L1 cells display an anomalous pattern of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) I isoform expression during differentiation: inter-tissue and inter-species expression of CPT I and CPT II enzymes. Biochem J 327:225 –231, 1997

42. Holmes BF, Kurth-Kraczek EJ, Winder WW: Chronic activation of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase increases GLUT-4, hexokinase, and glycogen in muscle. J Appl Physiol 87:1990 –1995, 1999

43. Fisher JS, Gao J, Han DH, Holloszy JO, Nolte LA: Activation of AMP kinase enhances sensitivity of muscle glucose transport to insulin. Am J Physiol 282:E18 –E23, 2002

44. Richter EA, Garetto LP, Goodman MN, Ruderman NB: Muscle glucose metabolism following exercise in the rat: increased sensitivity to insulin. J Clin Invest 69:785 –793, 1982

45. Garetto LP, Richter EA, Goodman MN, Ruderman NB: Enhanced muscle glucose metabolism after exercise in the rat: the two phases. Am J Physiol 246:E471 –E475, 1984

46. Derave W, Ai H, Ihlemann J, Witters LA, Kristiansen S, Richter EA, Ploug T: Dissociation of AMP-activated protein kinase activation and glucose transport in contracting slow-twitch muscle. Diabetes 49:1281 –1287, 2000

47. Aschenbach WG, Fujii N, Howlett KF, Sakamoto K, Goodyear LJ: Acute AICAR treatment elicits fiber-type specific responses in glycogen metabolism in vivo (Abstract). Diabetes 50 (Suppl.1):A60 , 2001

48. Winder WW: Energy-sensing and signaling by AMP-activated protein kinase in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 91:1017 –1028, 2001

49. Lochhead PA, Salt IP, Walker KS, Hardie DG, Sutherland C: 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside mimics the effects of insulin on the expression of the 2 key gluconeogenic genes PEPCK and glucose-6-phosphatase. Diabetes 49:896 –903, 2000

50. Fiedler M, Zierath JR, Selén G, Wallberg-Henriksson H, Liang Y, Sakariassen KS: 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxy-amide-1-ß-D-ribofuranoside treatment ameliorates hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia but not dyslipidaemia in KKAy-CETP mice. Diabetologia 44:2180 –2186, 2001

Tan C, Tuch BE, Tu J, Brown SA: Role of NADH shuttles in glucose-induced insulin secretion from fetal ß-cells. Diabetes 51:2989–2996, 2002

On page 2995, the words "and is restored to normal" were inadvertently omitted from the last sentence of the first complete paragraph. The correct sentence is shown below.

This is consistent with reports that mGPDH activity is decreased in islets of humans (18) and animals with type 2 diabetes (17,33) and is restored to normal when blood glucose is normalized (34).

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