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Hematopoietic Stem Cells Derived from Adult Donors are Not a Source of Pancreatic Beta Cells in Adult Non Diabetic Humans

Larry Hillblom Islet Research Center¹
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine², UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.
Division of Hematology³, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition⁴, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

Objective.: Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are characterized respectively by 98% and 65% loss of pancreatic ß-cells. Efforts to reverse either form of diabetes increasingly focus on the possibility of promoting ß-cell replacement and/or regeneration. Islet transplantation has been explored, but does not provide long-term insulin independence. One possible source of ß-cell regeneration is hematopoietic stem cells. In mice there are conflicting data as to whether hematopoietic stem cells contribute to pancreatic ß-cells. We sought to establish if hematopoietic stem cells (derived from adult donors) transdifferentiate into pancreatic beta cells in adult humans.

Research Design and Methods.: We addressed this in 31 human pancreases obtained at autopsy from hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients who had received their transplant from a donor of the opposite gender.

Results.: While some donor derived cells were observed in the non-endocrine pancreas, no pancreatic beta cells were identified that were derived from donor hematopoietic stem cells, including two cases with type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions.: We conclude that hematopoietic stem cells derived from adult donors contribute minimally to pancreatic beta cells in non-diabetic adult humans. These data do not rule out the possibility that hematopoietic stem cells contribute to pancreatic beta cells in childhood or in people with type 1 diabetes.

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