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Direct Free Fatty Acid Uptake into Human Adipocytes In Vivo -- Relation to Body Fat Distribution

¹Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

Correspondence: jensen.michael{at}mayo.edu

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether direct uptake of circulating free fatty acids (FFA) by adipocytes occurs in vivo, in overnight postabsorptive humans and if so, whether there are regional differences in uptake between lean and obese women and men. Research Design and Methods: We used bolus injections of radiolabeled FFA tracers followed by carefully timed adipose tissue biopsies. We first validated a method to measure direct adipocyte FFA uptake and then quantitated this process using the modified methods in normal weight, postabsorptive men and women. We then used a continuous infusion of radiolabeled FFA to measure direct and indirect (VLDL) regional adipose tissue uptake in obese men and women. Results: Direct FFA uptake was greater in women than men; 8.2 ± 0.6 % vs. 4.0 ± 0.5% (P < 0.0001) of FFA were taken up by subcutaneous adipose tissue, respectively. Abdominal subcutaneous fat took up FFA more avidly than femoral fat in men, but this did not occur in women. Similar sex and regional difference were found to occur in obese women and men. Gene expression of fatty acid transporters was greater in abdominal than femoral fat in men (P < 0.05), but not in women (P = 0.80). Conclusions: There exists sex and site specific recycling of circulating FFA into subcutaneous fat. This is a novel FFA disposal pathway that may also play a role in the development or maintenance of body fat distribution. Regional variations in facilitated fatty acid transport may contribute to this process.

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