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Original Articles

Prevention of Hemodynamic and Vascular Albumin Filtration Changes in Diabetic Rats by Aldose Reductase Inhibitors

  1. Ronald G Tilton,
  2. Katherine Chang,
  3. Giuseppe Pugliese,
  4. Donald M Eades,
  5. Michael A Province,
  6. William R Sherman,
  7. Charles Kilo and
  8. Joseph R Williamson
  1. Departments of Pathology, Medicine, and Psychiatry, and the Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri
  1. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Ronald G. Tilton, PhD, Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Box 8118, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Diabetes 1989 Oct; 38(10): 1258-1270. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.38.10.1258
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Abstract

This study investigated hemodynamic changes in diabetic rats and their relationship to changes in vascular albumin permeation and increased metabolism of glucose to sorbitol. The effects of 6 wk of streptozocin-induced diabetes and three structurally different inhibitors of aldose reductase were examined on 1) regional blood flow (assessed with 15-μm 85Sr-labeled microspheres) and vascular permeation by 125I-Iabeled bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 2) glomerular filtration rate (assessed by plasma clearance of 57Co-labeled EDTA) and urinary albumin excretion (determined by radial immunodiffusion assay). In diabetic rats, blood flow was significantly increased in ocular tissues (anterior uvea, posterior uvea, retina, and optic nerve), sciatic nerve, kidney, new granulation tissue, cecum, and brain. 125I-BSA permeation was increased in all of these tissues except brain. Glomerular filtration rate and 24-h urinary albumin excretion were increased 2- and 29-fold, respectively, in diabetic rats. All three aldose reductase inhibitors completely prevented or markedly reduced these hemodynamic and vascular filtration changes and increases in tissue sorbitol levels in the anterior uvea, posterior uvea, retina, sciatic nerve, and granulation tissue. These observations indicate that early diabetes-induced hemodynamic changes and increased vascular albumin permeation and urinary albumin excretion are aldose reductase-linked phenomena. Discordant effects of aldose reductase inhibitors on blood flow and vascular albumin permeation in some tissues suggest that increased vascular albumin permeation is not entirely attributable to hemodynamic changes. We hypothesize that 1) increases in blood flow may reflect impaired contractile function of smooth muscle cells in resistance arterioles and 2) increases in vascular 125I-BSA permeation and urinary albumin excretion reflect impaired vascular barrier functional integrity in addition to increased hydraulic conductance secondary to microvascular hypertension associated with decreased vascular resistance.

  • Received January 6, 1989.
  • Revision received June 14, 1989.
  • Accepted June 14, 1989.
  • Copyright © 1989 by the American Diabetes Association

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October 1989, 38(10)
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Prevention of Hemodynamic and Vascular Albumin Filtration Changes in Diabetic Rats by Aldose Reductase Inhibitors
Ronald G Tilton, Katherine Chang, Giuseppe Pugliese, Donald M Eades, Michael A Province, William R Sherman, Charles Kilo, Joseph R Williamson
Diabetes Oct 1989, 38 (10) 1258-1270; DOI: 10.2337/diab.38.10.1258

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Prevention of Hemodynamic and Vascular Albumin Filtration Changes in Diabetic Rats by Aldose Reductase Inhibitors
Ronald G Tilton, Katherine Chang, Giuseppe Pugliese, Donald M Eades, Michael A Province, William R Sherman, Charles Kilo, Joseph R Williamson
Diabetes Oct 1989, 38 (10) 1258-1270; DOI: 10.2337/diab.38.10.1258
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