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Physiological insulinemia acutely modulates plasma leptin.

  1. M F Saad,
  2. A Khan,
  3. A Sharma,
  4. R Michael,
  5. M G Riad-Gabriel,
  6. R Boyadjian,
  7. S D Jinagouda,
  8. G M Steil and
  9. V Kamdar
  1. Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Medical School, Los Angeles 90024, USA. msaad@med1.medsch.ucla.edu
    Diabetes 1998 Apr; 47(4): 544-549. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.47.4.544
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    Abstract

    Whether insulin acutely regulates plasma leptin in humans is controversial. We examined the dosage-response and time-course characteristics of the effect of insulin on leptin in 10 men (age 42+/-2 years [mean+/-SE]; BMI 29.3+/-2.0 kg/m2). Each individual underwent four 9-h euglycemic clamps (insulin at 20, 40, 80, and 400 mU x m[-2] x min[-1) and a control saline infusion. Although plasma glucose and insulin levels remained constant, leptin diminished from 9.1+/-3.0 to 5.9+/-2.1 ng/ml (P < 0.001) by the end of the control experiment. Conversely, plasma leptin showed a dosage-dependent increase during the insulin infusions that was evident within 30-60 min. The insulin-induced increase in leptin was proportionately lower in obese insulin-resistant men. Free fatty acids (FFAs) decreased during insulin and did not change during saline infusions. ED50 (the dose producing half-maximal effect) for insulin's effect on leptin and FFA was similar (138+/-36 vs. 102+/-24 pmol/l, respectively; P=0.11). To further define the role of physiological insulinemia, we compared the effect of a very low dosage insulin infusion (10 mU x m[-2] x min[-1]) with that of a control saline infusion in another group of 10 men (mean age 39+/-3 years; BMI 27.1+/-1.0 kg/m2). Plasma leptin remained stable during that insulin infusion, but fell by 37+/-2% in the control experiment. Thus physiological insulinemia can acutely regulate plasma leptin. Insulin could mediate the effect of caloric intake on leptin and could be a determinant of its plasma concentration. Inadequate insulin-induced leptin production in obese and insulin-resistant subjects may contribute to the development or worsening of obesity.

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    Physiological insulinemia acutely modulates plasma leptin.
    M F Saad, A Khan, A Sharma, R Michael, M G Riad-Gabriel, R Boyadjian, S D Jinagouda, G M Steil, V Kamdar
    Diabetes Apr 1998, 47 (4) 544-549; DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.47.4.544

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    Physiological insulinemia acutely modulates plasma leptin.
    M F Saad, A Khan, A Sharma, R Michael, M G Riad-Gabriel, R Boyadjian, S D Jinagouda, G M Steil, V Kamdar
    Diabetes Apr 1998, 47 (4) 544-549; DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.47.4.544
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