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Increased Infiltration of Macrophages in Omental Adipose Tissue Is Associated With Marked Hepatic Lesions in Morbid Human Obesity

  1. Raffaella Cancello123,
  2. Joan Tordjman123,
  3. Christine Poitou123,
  4. Gaël Guilhem123,
  5. Jean Luc Bouillot4,
  6. Danielle Hugol5,
  7. Christiane Coussieu6,
  8. Arnaud Basdevant123,
  9. Avner Bar Hen7,
  10. Pierre Bedossa89,
  11. Michèle Guerre-Millo123 and
  12. Karine Clément123
  1. 1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U755 Nutriomique, Paris, France
  2. 2Pierre and Marie Curie-Paris 6 University, Faculty of Medicine, Les Cordeliers, IFR58, Paris, France
  3. 3Nutrition Department, AP-HP, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
  4. 4Surgery Department, AP-HP, Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
  5. 5Anatomo-Pathology Department, AP-HP, Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
  6. 6Biochemistry Department, AP-HP, Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
  7. 7LIM and BIO, Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France
  8. 8Pathology Department, AP-HP Beaujon Hospital, Clichy France
  9. 9National Center for Scientific Research, Unité Mixte de Recherche 149, Paris, France
  1. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Prof. Karine Clément, INSERM, U755 Nutriomique, Service de Nutrition, Hôtel-Dieu, 1 Place du Parvis Notre-Dame, 75004 Paris, France. E-mail: karine.clement{at}htd.ap-hop-paris.fr

Abstract

In human obesity, white adipose tissue (WAT) is enriched in macrophages. How macrophage infiltration in WAT contributes to the complications of obesity is unknown. This study tested the hypothesis that recruitment of macrophages in omental WAT is associated with hepatic damage in obese patients. Paired biopsies of subcutaneous and omental WAT and a liver biopsy were collected during gastric surgery in 46 obese women and 9 obese men (BMI 47.9 ± 0.93 kg/m2). The number of HAM56+ macrophages in WAT was quantified microscopically, and correlations with clinical and biological parameters and histological liver pathology were investigated. There were twice as many macrophages in omental as in subcutaneous WAT (P < 0.0001). After adjustment for age, omental WAT macrophage infiltration was correlated to fasting glucose and insulin, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase. We propose an easy equation to estimate the amount of macrophages in omental WAT. Increased macrophage accumulation specifically in omental WAT was associated with hepatic fibroinflammatory lesions (P = 0.01). The best predictive model for the severity of hepatic damage includes adiponectinemia, AST, and omental WAT macrophages. These data suggest that the presence of macrophages in omental WAT participates in the cellular mechanisms favoring hepatic fibroinflammatory lesions in obese patients.

Footnotes

  • R.C. and J.T. contributed equally to this work.

    DOI: 10.2337/db06-0133

    The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

    • Accepted March 2, 2006.
    • Received January 31, 2006.
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  1. doi: 10.2337/db06-0133 Diabetes June 2006 vol. 55 no. 6 1554-1561
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