Table of Contents

Commentary

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- Mark O. Goodarzi and
- Jerome I. Rotter
Testing the Gene or Testing a Variant?: The Case of TCF7L2
Diabetes October 2007 56:2417-2419; doi:10.2337/db07-0923

Perspectives in Diabetes

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- R. Paul Robertson
Estimation of β-Cell Mass by Metabolic Tests: Necessary, but How Sufficient?
Diabetes October 2007 56:2420-2424; published ahead of print July 2, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0742

Metabolism

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- Sibylle Sauerhöfer,
- Gang Yuan,
- Gerald Stefan Braun,
- Martina Deinzer,
- Michael Neumaier,
- Norbert Gretz,
- Jürgen Floege,
- Wilhelm Kriz,
- Fokko van der Woude,
- and Marcus Johannes Moeller
l-Carnosine, a Substrate of Carnosinase-1, Influences Glucose Metabolism
Diabetes October 2007 56:2425-2432; published ahead of print June 29, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0177
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- Leanne Hodson,
- Alex S.T. Bickerton,
- Siobhán E. McQuaid,
- Rachel Roberts,
- Fredrik Karpe,
- Keith N. Frayn,
- and Barbara A. Fielding
The Contribution of Splanchnic Fat to VLDL Triglyceride Is Greater in Insulin-Resistant Than Insulin-Sensitive Men and Women: Studies in the Postprandial State
Diabetes October 2007 56:2433-2441; published ahead of print June 29, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0654
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- Suzanne M. Breckenridge,
- Benjamin A. Cooperberg,
- Ana Maria Arbelaez,
- Bruce W. Patterson,
- and Philip E. Cryer
Glucagon, in Concert With Insulin, Supports the Postabsorptive Plasma Glucose Concentration in Humans
Diabetes October 2007 56:2442-2448; published ahead of print July 2, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0751
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- Zhaoyong Hu,
- In Hee Lee,
- Xiaonan Wang,
- Hongmiao Sheng,
- Liping Zhang,
- Jie Du,
- and William E. Mitch
PTEN Expression Contributes to the Regulation of Muscle Protein Degradation in Diabetes
Diabetes October 2007 56:2449-2456; published ahead of print July 10, 2007, doi:10.2337/db06-1731
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- Sihem Boudina,
- Sandra Sena,
- Heather Theobald,
- Xiaoming Sheng,
- Jordan J. Wright,
- Xia Xuan Hu,
- Salwa Aziz,
- Josie I. Johnson,
- Heiko Bugger,
- Vlad G. Zaha,
- and E. Dale Abel
Mitochondrial Energetics in the Heart in Obesity-Related Diabetes: Direct Evidence for Increased Uncoupled Respiration and Activation of Uncoupling Proteins
Diabetes October 2007 56:2457-2466; published ahead of print July 10, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0481
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- Anne Mazzucotelli,
- Nathalie Viguerie,
- Claire Tiraby,
- Jean-Sébastien Annicotte,
- Aline Mairal,
- Eva Klimcakova,
- Emmanuelle Lepin,
- Paul Delmar,
- Sébastien Dejean,
- Geneviève Tavernier,
- Corinne Lefort,
- Juan Hidalgo,
- Thierry Pineau,
- Lluis Fajas,
- Karine Clément,
- and Dominique Langin
The Transcriptional Coactivator Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor (PPAR)γ Coactivator-1α and the Nuclear Receptor PPARα Control the Expression of Glycerol Kinase and Metabolism Genes Independently of PPARγ Activation in Human White Adipocytes
Diabetes October 2007 56:2467-2475; published ahead of print July 23, 2007, doi:10.2337/db06-1465
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- Patrick T. Fueger,
- Robert S. Lee-Young,
- Jane Shearer,
- Deanna P. Bracy,
- Sami Heikkinen,
- Markku Laakso,
- Jeffrey N. Rottman,
- and David H. Wasserman
Phosphorylation Barriers to Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Glucose Uptakes in High-Fat–Fed Mice: Studies in Mice With a 50% Reduction of Hexokinase II
Diabetes October 2007 56:2476-2484; published ahead of print July 16, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0532
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- Tao Jiang,
- Xiaoxin X. Wang,
- Pnina Scherzer,
- Paul Wilson,
- James Tallman,
- Hideaki Takahashi,
- Jinping Li,
- Mieko Iwahashi,
- Eileen Sutherland,
- Lois Arend,
- and Moshe Levi
Farnesoid X Receptor Modulates Renal Lipid Metabolism, Fibrosis, and Diabetic Nephropathy
Diabetes October 2007 56:2485-2493; published ahead of print July 27, 2007, doi:10.2337/db06-1642

Signal Transduction

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- Robert Ducroc,
- Thierry Voisin,
- Aadil El Firar,
- and Marc Laburthe
Orexins Control Intestinal Glucose Transport by Distinct Neuronal, Endocrine, and Direct Epithelial Pathways
Diabetes October 2007 56:2494-2500; published ahead of print July 12, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0614
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- Xinqiang Huang,
- Chaofeng Yang,
- Yongde Luo,
- Chengliu Jin,
- Fen Wang,
- and Wallace L. McKeehan
FGFR4 Prevents Hyperlipidemia and Insulin Resistance but Underlies High-Fat Diet–Induced Fatty Liver
Diabetes October 2007 56:2501-2510; published ahead of print July 30, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0648

Obesity Studies

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- Katsuya Hirasaka,
- Shohei Kohno,
- Jumpei Goto,
- Harumi Furochi,
- Kazuaki Mawatari,
- Nagakatsu Harada,
- Toshio Hosaka,
- Yutaka Nakaya,
- Kazumi Ishidoh,
- Toshiyuki Obata,
- Yousuke Ebina,
- Hua Gu,
- Shin'ichi Takeda,
- Kyoichi Kishi,
- and Takeshi Nikawa
Deficiency of Cbl-b Gene Enhances Infiltration and Activation of Macrophages in Adipose Tissue and Causes Peripheral Insulin Resistance in Mice
Diabetes October 2007 56:2511-2522; published ahead of print June 29, 2007, doi:10.2337/db06-1768
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- John Zhong Li,
- Jing Ye,
- Bofu Xue,
- Jingzhong Qi,
- Jing Zhang,
- Zhihong Zhou,
- Qing Li,
- Zilong Wen,
- and Peng Li
Cideb Regulates Diet-Induced Obesity, Liver Steatosis, and Insulin Sensitivity by Controlling Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Oxidation
Diabetes October 2007 56:2523-2532; published ahead of print July 23, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0040
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- Qing-Wu Yan,
- Qin Yang,
- Nimesh Mody,
- Timothy E. Graham,
- Chung-Hsin Hsu,
- Zhao Xu,
- Nicholas E. Houstis,
- Barbara B. Kahn,
- and Evan D. Rosen
The Adipokine Lipocalin 2 Is Regulated by Obesity and Promotes Insulin Resistance
Diabetes October 2007 56:2533-2540; published ahead of print July 16, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0007
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- Matteo Serino,
- Rossella Menghini,
- Loredana Fiorentino,
- Roberta Amoruso,
- Alessandro Mauriello,
- Davide Lauro,
- Paolo Sbraccia,
- Marta L. Hribal,
- Renato Lauro,
- and Massimo Federici
Mice Heterozygous for Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Converting Enzyme Are Protected From Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance and Diabetes
Diabetes October 2007 56:2541-2546; published ahead of print July 23, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0360
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- Solrun Vidarsdottir,
- Paul A.M. Smeets,
- Diane L. Eichelsheim,
- Matthias J.P. van Osch,
- Max A. Viergever,
- Johannes A. Romijn,
- Jeroen van der Grond,
- and Hanno Pijl
Glucose Ingestion Fails to Inhibit Hypothalamic Neuronal Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Diabetes October 2007 56:2547-2550; published ahead of print August 1, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0193

Immunology and Transplantation

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- Irene Jarchum,
- Jason C. Baker,
- Tatsuya Yamada,
- Toshiyuki Takaki,
- Michele P. Marron,
- David V. Serreze,
- and Teresa P. DiLorenzo
In Vivo Cytotoxicity of Insulin-Specific CD8⁺ T-Cells in HLA-A*0201 Transgenic NOD Mice
Diabetes October 2007 56:2551-2560; published ahead of print July 9, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0332

Islet Studies

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- Sunshin Kim,
- Hun Sik Kim,
- Kun Wook Chung,
- Seung Hoon Oh,
- Jong Won Yun,
- Sin-Hyeog Im,
- Moon-Kyu Lee,
- Kwang-Won Kim,
- and Myung-Shik Lee
Essential Role for Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-1 in Pancreatic β-Cell Death and Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes of Nonobese Diabetic Mice
Diabetes October 2007 56:2561-2568; published ahead of print July 9, 2007, doi:10.2337/db06-1372
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- Jakob D. Wikstrom,
- Shana M. Katzman,
- Hibo Mohamed,
- Gilad Twig,
- Solomon A. Graf,
- Emma Heart,
- Anthony J.A. Molina,
- Barbara E. Corkey,
- Lina Moitoso de Vargas,
- Nika N. Danial,
- Sheila Collins,
- and Orian S. Shirihai
β-Cell Mitochondria Exhibit Membrane Potential Heterogeneity That Can Be Altered by Stimulatory or Toxic Fuel Levels
Diabetes October 2007 56:2569-2578; published ahead of print August 8, 2007, doi:10.2337/db06-0757
Select this article
- Edwin P. Kwan,
- Li Xie,
- Laura Sheu,
- Toshihisa Ohtsuka,
- and Herbert Y. Gaisano
Interaction Between Munc13-1 and RIM Is Critical for Glucagon-Like Peptide-1–Mediated Rescue of Exocytotic Defects in Munc13-1–Deficient Pancreatic β-Cells
Diabetes October 2007 56:2579-2588; published ahead of print July 16, 2007, doi:10.2337/db06-1207

Pathophysiology

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- Susanne B. Votruba,
- Rebecca S. Mattison,
- Daniel A. Dumesic,
- Christina Koutsari,
- and Michael D. Jensen
Meal Fatty Acid Uptake in Visceral Fat in Women
Diabetes October 2007 56:2589-2597; published ahead of print July 30, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0439

Complications

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- Irina G. Obrosova,
- Olga Ilnytska,
- Valeriy V. Lyzogubov,
- Ivan A. Pavlov,
- Nazar Mashtalir,
- Jerry L. Nadler,
- and Viktor R. Drel
High-Fat Diet–Induced Neuropathy of Pre-Diabetes and Obesity: Effects of “Healthy” Diet and Aldose Reductase Inhibition
Diabetes October 2007 56:2598-2608; published ahead of print July 12, 2007, doi:10.2337/db06-1176

Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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- Christian Werner,
- Christel Hermann Kamani,
- Christoph Gensch,
- Michael Böhm,
- and Ulrich Laufs
The Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ Agonist Pioglitazone Increases Number and Function of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Normal Glucose Tolerance
Diabetes October 2007 56:2609-2615; published ahead of print July 10, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0069

Genetics

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- Rebecca Bailey,
- Jason D. Cooper,
- Lauren Zeitels,
- Deborah J. Smyth,
- Jennie H.M. Yang,
- Neil M. Walker,
- Elina Hyppönen,
- David B. Dunger,
- Elizabeth Ramos-Lopez,
- Klaus Badenhoop,
- Sergey Nejentsev,
- and John A. Todd
Association of the Vitamin D Metabolism Gene CYP27B1 With Type 1 Diabetes
Diabetes October 2007 56:2616-2621; published ahead of print July 2, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0652
Select this article
- Yung Seng Lee,
- Larry Kok Seng Poh,
- Betty Lay Kee Kek,
- and Kah Yin Loke
The Role of Melanocortin 3 Receptor Gene in Childhood Obesity
Diabetes October 2007 56:2622-2630; published ahead of print July 16, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0225
Select this article
- Yi-Cheng Chang,
- Tien-Jyun Chang,
- Yi-Der Jiang,
- Shan-Shan Kuo,
- Kuan-Ching Lee,
- Ken C. Chiu,
- and Lee-Ming Chuang
Association Study of the Genetic Polymorphisms of the Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) Gene and Type 2 Diabetes in the Chinese Population
Diabetes October 2007 56:2631-2637; published ahead of print June 19, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0421
Select this article
- Michèle M. Sale,
- Shelly G. Smith,
- Josyf C. Mychaleckyj,
- Keith L. Keene,
- Carl D. Langefeld,
- Tennille S. Leak,
- Pamela J. Hicks,
- Donald W. Bowden,
- Stephen S. Rich,
- and Barry I. Freedman
Variants of the Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) Gene Are Associated With Type 2 Diabetes in an African-American Population Enriched for Nephropathy
Diabetes October 2007 56:2638-2642; published ahead of print June 29, 2007, doi:10.2337/db07-0012
Select this article
- Wen-Chi Hsueh,
- Kristi D. Silver,
- Toni I. Pollin,
- Callum J. Bell,
- Jeffrey R. O’Connell,
- Braxton D. Mitchell,
- and Alan R. Shuldiner
A Genome-Wide Linkage Scan of Insulin Level–Derived Traits: The Amish Family Diabetes Study
Diabetes October 2007 56:2643-2648; published ahead of print July 23, 2007, doi:10.2337/db06-1023

Errata

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Errata
Diabetes October 2007 56:2649; doi:10.2337/db07-er10
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Errata
Diabetes October 2007 56:2649; doi:10.2337/db07-er10a
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ERRATA
Diabetes October 2007 56:2650; doi:10.2337/db07-er10b
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ERRATA
Diabetes October 2007 56:2650; doi:10.2337/db07-er10c

Online Letters to the Editor

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- Romain Harmancey and
- Fatima Smih
Response to Comment on: Harmancey et al. (2007) Adrenomedullin Inhibits Adipogenesis Under Transcriptional Control of Insulin: Diabetes 56:553–563
Diabetes October 2007 56:e18; doi:10.2337/db07-1003
Select this article
- Lawrence S. Phillips
Comment on: Buchanan (2007) (How) Can We Prevent Type 2 Diabetes? Diabetes 56:1502–1507
Diabetes October 2007 56:e19; doi:10.2337/db07-0860

Diabetes

Commentary

Testing the Gene or Testing a Variant?: The Case of TCF7L2

Perspectives in Diabetes

Estimation of β-Cell Mass by Metabolic Tests: Necessary, but How Sufficient?

Metabolism

l-Carnosine, a Substrate of Carnosinase-1, Influences Glucose Metabolism

The Contribution of Splanchnic Fat to VLDL Triglyceride Is Greater in Insulin-Resistant Than Insulin-Sensitive Men and Women: Studies in the Postprandial State

Glucagon, in Concert With Insulin, Supports the Postabsorptive Plasma Glucose Concentration in Humans

PTEN Expression Contributes to the Regulation of Muscle Protein Degradation in Diabetes

Mitochondrial Energetics in the Heart in Obesity-Related Diabetes: Direct Evidence for Increased Uncoupled Respiration and Activation of Uncoupling Proteins

The Transcriptional Coactivator Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor (PPAR)γ Coactivator-1α and the Nuclear Receptor PPARα Control the Expression of Glycerol Kinase and Metabolism Genes Independently of PPARγ Activation in Human White Adipocytes

Phosphorylation Barriers to Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Glucose Uptakes in High-Fat–Fed Mice: Studies in Mice With a 50% Reduction of Hexokinase II

Farnesoid X Receptor Modulates Renal Lipid Metabolism, Fibrosis, and Diabetic Nephropathy

Signal Transduction

Orexins Control Intestinal Glucose Transport by Distinct Neuronal, Endocrine, and Direct Epithelial Pathways

FGFR4 Prevents Hyperlipidemia and Insulin Resistance but Underlies High-Fat Diet–Induced Fatty Liver

Obesity Studies

Deficiency of Cbl-b Gene Enhances Infiltration and Activation of Macrophages in Adipose Tissue and Causes Peripheral Insulin Resistance in Mice

Cideb Regulates Diet-Induced Obesity, Liver Steatosis, and Insulin Sensitivity by Controlling Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Oxidation

The Adipokine Lipocalin 2 Is Regulated by Obesity and Promotes Insulin Resistance

Mice Heterozygous for Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Converting Enzyme Are Protected From Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance and Diabetes

Glucose Ingestion Fails to Inhibit Hypothalamic Neuronal Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Immunology and Transplantation

In Vivo Cytotoxicity of Insulin-Specific CD8+ T-Cells in HLA-A*0201 Transgenic NOD Mice

Islet Studies

Essential Role for Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-1 in Pancreatic β-Cell Death and Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes of Nonobese Diabetic Mice

β-Cell Mitochondria Exhibit Membrane Potential Heterogeneity That Can Be Altered by Stimulatory or Toxic Fuel Levels

Interaction Between Munc13-1 and RIM Is Critical for Glucagon-Like Peptide-1–Mediated Rescue of Exocytotic Defects in Munc13-1–Deficient Pancreatic β-Cells

Pathophysiology

Meal Fatty Acid Uptake in Visceral Fat in Women

Complications

High-Fat Diet–Induced Neuropathy of Pre-Diabetes and Obesity: Effects of “Healthy” Diet and Aldose Reductase Inhibition

Pharmacology and Therapeutics

The Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ Agonist Pioglitazone Increases Number and Function of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Normal Glucose Tolerance

Genetics

Association of the Vitamin D Metabolism Gene CYP27B1 With Type 1 Diabetes

The Role of Melanocortin 3 Receptor Gene in Childhood Obesity

Association Study of the Genetic Polymorphisms of the Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) Gene and Type 2 Diabetes in the Chinese Population

Variants of the Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) Gene Are Associated With Type 2 Diabetes in an African-American Population Enriched for Nephropathy

A Genome-Wide Linkage Scan of Insulin Level–Derived Traits: The Amish Family Diabetes Study

Errata

Errata

Errata

ERRATA

ERRATA

Online Letters to the Editor

Response to Comment on: Harmancey et al. (2007) Adrenomedullin Inhibits Adipogenesis Under Transcriptional Control of Insulin: Diabetes 56:553–563

Comment on: Buchanan (2007) (How) Can We Prevent Type 2 Diabetes? Diabetes 56:1502–1507

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In Vivo Cytotoxicity of Insulin-Specific CD8⁺ T-Cells in HLA-A*0201 Transgenic NOD Mice