Table of Contents

Original Article

• Metabolism

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    Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Suppresses Lipolysis, Stimulates Lipogenesis, and Promotes Fat Storage

    Partha Chakrabarti, Taylor English, Jun Shi, Cynthia M. Smas, Konstantin V. Kandror

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 775-781. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1602
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    Insufficiency of Janus Kinase 2–Autonomous Leptin Receptor Signals for Most Physiologic Leptin Actions

    Scott Robertson, Ryoko Ishida-Takahashi, Isao Tawara, Jiang Hu, Christa M. Patterson, Justin C. Jones, Rohit N. Kulkarni, Martin G. Myers

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 782-790. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1556
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    Macrophage Adiponectin Expression Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Protects Against Inflammation and Atherosclerosis

    Nanlan Luo, Jian Liu, B. Hong Chung, Qinglin Yang, Richard L. Klein, W. Timothy Garvey, Yuchang Fu

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 791-799. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1338
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    Acute Inhibition of Fatty Acid Import Inhibits GLUT4 Transcription in Adipose Tissue, but Not Skeletal or Cardiac Muscle Tissue, Partly Through Liver X Receptor (LXR) Signaling

    Beth A. Griesel, Juston Weems, Robert A. Russell, E. Dale Abel, Kenneth Humphries, Ann Louise Olson

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 800-807. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1542
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    The Natural Protective Mechanism Against Hyperglycemia in Vascular Endothelial Cells

    Yael Riahi, Yoav Sin-Malia, Guy Cohen, Evgenia Alpert, Arie Gruzman, Juergen Eckel, Bart Staels, Michel Guichardant, Shlomo Sasson

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 808-818. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1207
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    Compensatory Increases in Nuclear PGC1α Protein Are Primarily Associated With Subsarcolemmal Mitochondrial Adaptations in ZDF Rats

    Graham P. Holloway, Brendon J. Gurd, Laelie A. Snook, Jamie Lally, Arend Bonen

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 819-828. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1519
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    SIRT1 mRNA Expression May Be Associated With Energy Expenditure and Insulin Sensitivity

    Jarno Rutanen, Nagendra Yaluri, Shalem Modi, Jussi Pihlajamäki, Markku Vänttinen, Paula Itkonen, Sakari Kainulainen, Hiroyasu Yamamoto, Marie Lagouge, David A. Sinclair, Peter Elliott, Christoph Westphal, Johan Auwerx, Markku Laakso

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 829-835. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1191
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    The T-Allele of TCF7L2 rs7903146 Associates With a Reduced Compensation of Insulin Secretion for Insulin Resistance Induced by 9 Days of Bed Rest

    Amra C. Alibegovic, Mette P. Sonne, Lise Højbjerre, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen, Gerrit van Hall, Jens J. Holst, Bente Stallknecht, Flemming Dela, Allan Vaag

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 836-843. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-0918

• Signal Transduction

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    High Glucose–Induced Oxidative Stress Increases Transient Receptor Potential Channel Expression in Human Monocytes

    Tilo Wuensch, Florian Thilo, Katharina Krueger, Alexandra Scholze, Michael Ristow, Martin Tepel

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 844-849. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1100
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    The Protective Role of Nrf2 in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy

    Tao Jiang, Zheping Huang, Yifeng Lin, Zhigang Zhang, Deyu Fang, Donna D. Zhang

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 850-860. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1342
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    Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Induction Underlies Lipid-Induced Hepatic Insulin Resistance in Mice

    Alexandre Charbonneau, André Marette

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 861-871. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1238

• Obesity Studies

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    Lipocalin-2 Deficiency Attenuates Insulin Resistance Associated With Aging and Obesity

    Ivy K.M. Law, Aimin Xu, Karen S.L. Lam, Thorsten Berger, Tak W. Mak, Paul M. Vanhoutte, Jacky T.C. Liu, Gary Sweeney, Mingyan Zhou, Bo Yang, Yu Wang

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 872-882. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1541
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    Deficiency of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Enhancer Protects Mice From Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance

    Chi Bun Chan, Xia Liu, Dae Young Jung, John Y. Jun, Hongbo R. Luo, Jason K. Kim, Keqiang Ye

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 883-893. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1404
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    Functional Role of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Upregulation in Hypothalamic Leptin Resistance and Long-Term Energy Homeostasis

    Alison S. Reed, Elizabeth K. Unger, Louise E. Olofsson, Merisa L. Piper, Martin G. Myers, Allison W. Xu

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 894-906. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1024
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    Peptide Designed to Elicit Apoptosis in Adipose Tissue Endothelium Reduces Food Intake and Body Weight

    Dong-Hoon Kim, Stephen C. Woods, Randy J. Seeley

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 907-915. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1141
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    C-C Chemokine Receptor 2 (CCR2) Regulates the Hepatic Recruitment of Myeloid Cells That Promote Obesity-Induced Hepatic Steatosis

    Amrom E. Obstfeld, Eiji Sugaru, Marie Thearle, Anne-Marie Francisco, Constance Gayet, Henry N. Ginsberg, Eleanore V. Ables, Anthony W. Ferrante

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 916-925. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1403
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    CB1 Antagonism Exerts Specific Molecular Effects on Visceral and Subcutaneous Fat and Reverses Liver Steatosis in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

    Tony Jourdan, Louiza Djaouti, Laurent Demizieux, Joseph Gresti, Bruno Vergès, Pascal Degrace

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 926-934. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1482
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    Neutralization of Osteopontin Inhibits Obesity-Induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance

    Florian W. Kiefer, Maximilian Zeyda, Karina Gollinger, Birgit Pfau, Angelika Neuhofer, Thomas Weichhart, Marcus D. Säemann, René Geyeregger, Michaela Schlederer, Lukas Kenner, Thomas M. Stulnig

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 935-946. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-0404

• Immunology and Transplantation

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    Recurrence of Type 1 Diabetes After Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation, Despite Immunosuppression, Is Associated With Autoantibodies and Pathogenic Autoreactive CD4 T-Cells

    Francesco Vendrame, Antonello Pileggi, Elsa Laughlin, Gloria Allende, Ainhoa Martin-Pagola, R. Damaris Molano, Stavros Diamantopoulos, Nathan Standifer, Kelly Geubtner, Ben A. Falk, Hirohito Ichii, Hidenori Takahashi, Isaac Snowhite, Zhibin Chen, Armando Mendez, Linda Chen, Junichiro Sageshima, Phillip Ruiz, Gaetano Ciancio, Camillo Ricordi, Helena Reijonen, Gerald T. Nepom, George W. Burke, Alberto Pugliese

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 947-957. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-0498
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    Short-Term Administrations of a Combination of Anti–LFA-1 and Anti-CD154 Monoclonal Antibodies Induce Tolerance to Neonatal Porcine Islet Xenografts in Mice

    Hossein Arefanian, Eric B. Tredget, Ray V. Rajotte, Ron G. Gill, Gregory S. Korbutt, Gina R. Rayat

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 958-966. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-0413

• Islet Studies

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    Protein Farnesylation–Dependent Raf/Extracellular Signal–Related Kinase Signaling Links to Cytoskeletal Remodeling to Facilitate Glucose-Induced Insulin Secretion in Pancreatic β-Cells

    Anjaneyulu Kowluru, Rajakrishnan Veluthakal, Christopher J. Rhodes, Vasudeva Kamath, Ismail Syed, Brandon J. Koch

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 967-977. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1334
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    Involvement of MicroRNAs in the Cytotoxic Effects Exerted by Proinflammatory Cytokines on Pancreatic β-Cells

    Elodie Roggli, Aurore Britan, Sonia Gattesco, Nathalie Lin-Marq, Amar Abderrahmani, Paolo Meda, Romano Regazzi

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 978-986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-0881
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    Cyclin D2 Is Essential for the Compensatory β-Cell Hyperplastic Response to Insulin Resistance in Rodents

    Senta Georgia, Charlotte Hinault, Dan Kawamori, Jiang Hu, John Meyer, Murtaza Kanji, Anil Bhushan, Rohit N. Kulkarni

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 987-996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-0838

• Pathophysiology

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    Increased CYP2J3 Expression Reduces Insulin Resistance in Fructose-Treated Rats and db/db Mice

    Xizhen Xu, Chun Xia Zhao, Luyun Wang, Ling Tu, Xiaosai Fang, Changlong Zheng, Matthew L. Edin, Darryl C. Zeldin, Dao Wen Wang

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 997-1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1241
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    Downregulation of the Longevity-Associated Protein Sirtuin 1 in Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome: Potential Biochemical Mechanisms

    Saula Vigili de Kreutzenberg, Giulio Ceolotto, Italia Papparella, Alessia Bortoluzzi, Andrea Semplicini, Chiara Dalla Man, Claudio Cobelli, Gian Paolo Fadini, Angelo Avogaro

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 1006-1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1187
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    Unacylated Ghrelin Rescues Endothelial Progenitor Cell Function in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

    Gabriele Togliatto, Antonella Trombetta, Patrizia Dentelli, Alessandra Baragli, Arturo Rosso, Riccarda Granata, Dario Ghigo, Luigi Pegoraro, Ezio Ghigo, Maria Felice Brizzi

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 1016-1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-0858

• Complications

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    Inhibition of Monocyte Adhesion to Endothelial Cells and Attenuation of Atherosclerotic Lesion by a Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, Exendin-4

    Masayuki Arakawa, Tomoya Mita, Kosuke Azuma, Chie Ebato, Hiromasa Goto, Takashi Nomiyama, Yoshio Fujitani, Takahisa Hirose, Ryuzo Kawamori, Hirotaka Watada

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 1030-1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1694
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    Increased Glycation and Oxidative Damage to Apolipoprotein B100 of LDL Cholesterol in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Effect of Metformin

    Naila Rabbani, Madhu Varma Chittari, Charles W. Bodmer, Daniel Zehnder, Antonio Ceriello, Paul J. Thornalley

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 1038-1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1455
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    Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Blockade Ameliorates Albuminuria in Experimental Diabetic Nephropathy

    Federica Barutta, Alessandro Corbelli, Raffaella Mastrocola, Roberto Gambino, Vincenzo Di Marzo, Silvia Pinach, Maria Pia Rastaldi, Paolo Cavallo Perin, Gabriella Gruden

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 1046-1054. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1336
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    Recurrent Moderate Hypoglycemia Ameliorates Brain Damage and Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by Severe Hypoglycemia

    Erwin C. Puente, Julie Silverstein, Adam J. Bree, Daniel R. Musikantow, David F. Wozniak, Susan Maloney, Dorit Daphna-Iken, Simon J. Fisher

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 1055-1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1495
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    Genetic Deletion or Pharmacological Inhibition of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Improves Cardiovascular Outcomes After Myocardial Infarction in Mice

    Meghan Sauvé, Kiwon Ban, M. Abdul Momen, Yu-Qing Zhou, R. Mark Henkelman, Mansoor Husain, Daniel J. Drucker

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 1063-1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-0955
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    Effects of Antecedent GABA_A Activation With Alprazolam on Counterregulatory Responses to Hypoglycemia in Healthy Humans

    Maka S. Hedrington, Stephnie Farmerie, Andrew C. Ertl, Zhihui Wang, Donna B. Tate, Stephen N. Davis

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 1074-1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1520
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    Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Dysfunction in Dorsal Root Ganglia of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats and Its Correction by Insulin Treatment

    Subir K. Roy Chowdhury, Elena Zherebitskaya, Darrell R. Smith, Eli Akude, Sharmila Chattopadhyay, Corinne G. Jolivalt, Nigel A. Calcutt, Paul Fernyhough

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 1082-1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1299

• Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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    The Prostacyclin Analog Beraprost Sodium Ameliorates Characteristics of Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Zucker (Fatty) Rats

    Nahoko Sato, Masayuki Kaneko, Mitsutaka Tamura, Hajimu Kurumatani

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 1092-1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1432
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    Euglycemic Infusion of Insulin Detemir Compared With Human Insulin Appears to Increase Direct Current Brain Potential Response and Reduces Food Intake While Inducing Similar Systemic Effects

    Manfred Hallschmid, Kamila Jauch-Chara, Oliver Korn, Matthias Mölle, Björn Rasch, Jan Born, Bernd Schultes, Werner Kern

    Diabetes 2010 Apr; 59 (4): 1101-1107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1493