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Original Research

Roles of Insulin, Age, and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine on Nitric Oxide Synthesis In Vivo

  1. Paolo Tessari1⇑,
  2. Diego Cecchet1,
  3. Carlo Artusi2,
  4. Monica Vettore1,
  5. Renato Millioni1,
  6. Mario Plebani2,
  7. Lucia Puricelli1 and
  8. Monica Vedovato1
  1. 1Metabolism Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
  2. 2Laboratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
  1. Corresponding author: Paolo Tessari, paolo.tessari{at}unipd.it.
Diabetes 2013 Aug; 62(8): 2699-2708. https://doi.org/10.2337/db12-1127
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Abstract

We tested the effects of insulin on production of nitrous oxide (NO)-related substances (nitrites and nitrates [NOx]) after 15N-arginine intravenous infusion and on asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) concentrations in conditions reportedly associated with altered NO availability, i.e., aging, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 26 male subjects (age 23–71 years, BMI 23–33 kg/m2), some of whom were affected by mixed pathologic features, were enrolled. NOx fractional synthesis rate (FSR) was lower in elderly (P < 0.015) and T2DM subjects (P < 0.03) than in matched control subjects. Hyperinsulinemia generally increased both NOx FSR and absolute synthesis rate (ASR) and reduced NOx, ADMA, and SDMA concentrations. Insulin sensitivity was impaired only in T2DM. With use of simple linear regression analysis across all subjects, age was inversely correlated with both NOx FSR (R2 = 0.23, P < 0.015) and ASR (R2 = 0.21, P < 0.02). NOx FSR inversely correlated with both ADMA and SDMA. With use of multiple regression analysis and various models, NOx FSR remained inversely associated with age and ADMA, whereas ASR was inversely associated with age and diabetes. No association with insulin sensitivity was found. We conclude that whole-body NOx production is decreased in aging and T2DM. Age, ADMA concentration, and T2DM, but not insulin resistance, appear as negative regulators of whole-body NOx production.

Footnotes

  • This article contains Supplementary Data online at http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.2337/db12-1127/-/DC1.

  • See accompanying commentary, p. 2645.

  • Received August 21, 2012.
  • Accepted March 2, 2013.
  • © 2013 by the American Diabetes Association.

Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.

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Diabetes: 62 (8)

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August 2013, 62(8)
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Roles of Insulin, Age, and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine on Nitric Oxide Synthesis In Vivo
Paolo Tessari, Diego Cecchet, Carlo Artusi, Monica Vettore, Renato Millioni, Mario Plebani, Lucia Puricelli, Monica Vedovato
Diabetes Aug 2013, 62 (8) 2699-2708; DOI: 10.2337/db12-1127

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Roles of Insulin, Age, and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine on Nitric Oxide Synthesis In Vivo
Paolo Tessari, Diego Cecchet, Carlo Artusi, Monica Vettore, Renato Millioni, Mario Plebani, Lucia Puricelli, Monica Vedovato
Diabetes Aug 2013, 62 (8) 2699-2708; DOI: 10.2337/db12-1127
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