Metabolism and Signal Transduction:

Fructose Amplifies Counterregulatory Responses to Hypoglycemia in Humans

Ilan Gabriely, Meredith Hawkins, Cristian Vilcu, Luciano Rossetti, and Harry Shamoon
Diabetes 2002 51: 893 -900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor- Regulates Fatty Acid Utilization in Primary Human Skeletal Muscle Cells

Deborah M. Muoio, James M. Way, Charles J. Tanner, Deborah A. Winegar, Steven A. Kliewer, Joseph A. Houmard, William E. Kraus, and G. Lynis Dohm
Diabetes 2002 51: 901 -909. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Thyroid Hormone Receptor Interacting Protein 3 (Trip3) Is a Novel Coactivator of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-4

Hiromi Iwahashi, Kazuya Yamagata, Issei Yoshiuchi, Jungo Terasaki, Qin Yang, Kenji Fukui, Arisa Ihara, Qian Zhu, Takeshi Asakura, Yang Cao, Akihisa Imagawa, Mitsuyoshi Namba, Toshiaki Hanafusa, Jun-ichiro Miyagawa, and Yuji Matsuzawa
Diabetes 2002 51: 910 -914. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Independent Regulation of In Vivo Insulin Action on Glucose Versus K⁺ Uptake by Dietary Fat and K⁺ Content

Cheol S. Choi, Felix N. Lee, Alicia A. McDonough, and Jang H. Youn
Diabetes 2002 51: 915 -920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

The Diabetic Phenotype Is Conserved in Myotubes Established From Diabetic Subjects: Evidence for Primary Defects in Glucose Transport and Glycogen Synthase Activity

Michael Gaster, Ingrid Petersen, Kurt Højlund, Pernille Poulsen, and Henning Beck-Nielsen
Diabetes 2002 51: 921 -927. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Orally Administered Leucine Enhances Protein Synthesis in Skeletal Muscle of Diabetic Rats in the Absence of Increases in 4E-BP1 or S6K1 Phosphorylation

Joshua C. Anthony, Ali K. Reiter, Tracy G. Anthony, Stephen J. Crozier, Charles H. Lang, David A. MacLean, Scot R. Kimball, and Leonard S. Jefferson
Diabetes 2002 51: 928 -936. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Indinavir Induces Acute and Reversible Peripheral Insulin Resistance in Rats

Paul W. Hruz, Haruhiko Murata, Haijun Qiu, and Mike Mueckler
Diabetes 2002 51: 937 -942. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Obesity Studies:

Long-Term Treatment With the Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor P32/98 Causes Sustained Improvements in Glucose Tolerance, Insulin Sensitivity, Hyperinsulinemia, and ß-Cell Glucose Responsiveness in VDF (fa/fa) Zucker Rats

J.A. Pospisilik, S.G. Stafford, H-U. Demuth, R. Brownsey, W. Parkhouse, D.T. Finegood, C.H.S. McIntosh, and R.A. Pederson
Diabetes 2002 51: 943 -950. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Impaired ß-Cell Function, Incretin Effect, and Glucagon Suppression in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Who Have Normal Fasting Glucose

Carla J. Greenbaum, Ronald L. Prigeon, and David A. D’Alessio
Diabetes 2002 51: 951 -957. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Intraislet Hyperinsulinemia Prevents the Glucagon Response to Hypoglycemia Despite an Intact Autonomic Response

Salomon Banarer, Veronica P. McGregor, and Philip E. Cryer
Diabetes 2002 51: 958 -965. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Activation of IRS-2—Mediated Signal Transduction by IGF-1, but not TGF- or EGF, Augments Pancreatic ß-Cell Proliferation

Melissa K. Lingohr, Lorna M. Dickson, Jill F. McCuaig, Sigrun R. Hugl, Daniel R. Twardzik, and Christopher J. Rhodes
Diabetes 2002 51: 966 -976. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Expression Profiling of Palmitate- and Oleate-Regulated Genes Provides Novel Insights Into the Effects of Chronic Lipid Exposure on Pancreatic ß-Cell Function

Anna K. Busch, Damien Cordery, Gareth S. Denyer, and Trevor J. Biden
Diabetes 2002 51: 977 -987. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Pulsatile Insulin Release From Islets Isolated From Three Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes

Jian-Man Lin, Marta E. Fabregat, Ramon Gomis, and Peter Bergsten
Diabetes 2002 51: 988 -993. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Carbon Monoxide Protects Pancreatic ß-Cells From Apoptosis and Improves Islet Function/Survival After Transplantation

Lukas Günther, Pascal O. Berberat, Manabu Haga, Sophie Brouard, R. Neal Smith, Miguel P. Soares, Fritz H. Bach, and Edda Tobiasch
Diabetes 2002 51: 994 -999. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Pathophysiology:

Blood Letting in High-Ferritin Type 2 Diabetes : Effects on Insulin Sensitivity and ß-Cell Function

José Manuel Fernández-Real, Georgina Peñarroja, Antoni Castro, Fernando García-Bragado, Ildefonso Hernández-Aguado, and Wifredo Ricart
Diabetes 2002 51: 1000 -1004. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

The Concurrent Accumulation of Intra-Abdominal and Subcutaneous Fat Explains the Association Between Insulin Resistance and Plasma Leptin Concentrations : Distinct Metabolic Effects of Two Fat Compartments

Miriam Cnop, Melinda J. Landchild, Josep Vidal, Peter J. Havel, Negar G. Knowles, Darcy R. Carr, Feng Wang, Rebecca L. Hull, Edward J. Boyko, Barbara M. Retzlaff, Carolyn E. Walden, Robert H. Knopp, and Steven E. Kahn
Diabetes 2002 51: 1005 -1015. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Leptin Resistance During Aging Is Independent of Fat Mass

Ilan Gabriely, Xiao Hui Ma, Xiao Man Yang, Luciano Rossetti, and Nir Barzilai
Diabetes 2002 51: 1016 -1021. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Triglyceride Content by ¹H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Lean and Obese Adolescents: Relationships to Insulin Sensitivity, Total Body Fat, and Central Adiposity

Ranjana Sinha, Sylvie Dufour, Kitt Falk Petersen, Vincent LeBon, Staffan Enoksson, Yong-Zhan Ma, Mary Savoye, Douglas L. Rothman, Gerald I. Shulman, and Sonia Caprio
Diabetes 2002 51: 1022 -1027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Specific Inhibition of PTEN Expression Reverses Hyperglycemia in Diabetic Mice

Madeline Butler, Robert A. McKay, Ian J. Popoff, William A. Gaarde, Donna Witchell, Susan F. Murray, Nicholas M. Dean, Sanjay Bhanot, and Brett P. Monia
Diabetes 2002 51: 1028 -1034. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Table 1  

Human Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Are Associated With Alterations in SREBP1 Isoform Expression That Are Reproduced Ex Vivo by Tumor Necrosis Factor-

Ciaran Sewter, Dirk Berger, Robert V. Considine, Gema Medina, Justin Rochford, Theodore Ciaraldi, Robert Henry, Lynis Dohm, Jeffrey S. Flier, Stephen O’Rahilly, and Antonio J. Vidal-Puig
Diabetes 2002 51: 1035 -1041. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Novel Genes Regulated by the Insulin Sensitizer Rosiglitazone During Adipocyte Differentiation

Tatjana Albrektsen, Klaus Stensgaard Frederiksen, William E. Holmes, Esper Boel, Karen Taylor, and Jan Fleckner
Diabetes 2002 51: 1042 -1051. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Insulin Resistance, Defective Insulin Receptor Substrate 2—Associated Phosphatidylinositol-3' Kinase Activation, and Impaired Atypical Protein Kinase C (/) Activation in Myotubes From Obese Patients With Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Peter Vollenweider, Barbara Ménard, and Pascal Nicod
Diabetes 2002 51: 1052 -1059. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Troglitazone Downregulates -6 Desaturase Gene Expression in Human Skeletal Muscle Cell Cultures

Hans Günther Wahl, Christiana Kausch, Fausto Machicao, Kristian Rett, Michael Stumvoll, and Hans-Ulrich Häring
Diabetes 2002 51: 1060 -1065. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Increased Glucocorticoid Receptor Expression in Human Skeletal Muscle Cells May Contribute to the Pathogenesis of the Metabolic Syndrome

Christopher B. Whorwood, Stephen J. Donovan, Daniel Flanagan, David I.W. Phillips, and Christopher D. Byrne
Diabetes 2002 51: 1066 -1075. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Acute Hyperglycemia Induces Nitrotyrosine Formation and Apoptosis in Perfused Heart From Rat

Antonio Ceriello, Lisa Quagliaro, Michele D’Amico, Clara Di Filippo, Raffaele Marfella, Francesco Nappo, Liberato Berrino, Francesco Rossi, and Dario Giugliano
Diabetes 2002 51: 1076 -1082. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

A Tailored Therapy for the Metabolic Syndrome : The Dual Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-/ Agonist LY465608 Ameliorates Insulin Resistance and Diabetic Hyperglycemia While Improving Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Preclinical Models

Garret J. Etgen, Brian A. Oldham, William T. Johnson, Carol L. Broderick, Chahrzad R. Montrose, Joseph T. Brozinick, Elizabeth A. Misener, James S. Bean, William R. Bensch, Dawn A. Brooks, Anthony J. Shuker, Christopher J. Rito, James R. McCarthy, Robert J. Ardecky, John S. Tyhonas, Sharon L. Dana, James M. Bilakovics, James R. Paterniti, Jr, Kathleen M. Ogilvie, Sha Liu, and Raymond F. Kauffman
Diabetes 2002 51: 1083 -1087. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Low Production Capacity of Interleukin-10 Associates With the Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes : The Leiden 85-Plus Study

Eric van Exel, Jacobijn Gussekloo, Anton J.M. de Craen, Marijke Frölich, Annetje Bootsma-van der Wiel, and Rudi G.J. Westendorp
Diabetes 2002 51: 1088 -1092. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Modulation of Adipose Tissue Expression of Murine Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors With Obesity

Erik Maquoi, Carine Munaut, Alain Colige, Désiré Collen, and H. Roger Lijnen
Diabetes 2002 51: 1093 -1101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Decreased Expression of Heat Shock Protein 72 In Skeletal Muscle of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Correlates With Insulin Resistance

Istvan Kurucz, Ágota Morva, Allan Vaag, Karl-Fredrik Eriksson, Xudong Huang, Leif Groop, and Laszlo Koranyi
Diabetes 2002 51: 1102 -1109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Thiazolidinedione Treatment Normalizes Insulin Resistance and Ischemic Injury in the Zucker Fatty Rat Heart

Robert J. Sidell, Mark A. Cole, Nicholas J. Draper, Martine Desrois, Robin E. Buckingham, and Kieran Clarke
Diabetes 2002 51: 1110 -1117. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Complications:

Xanthine Oxidase Is Involved in Free Radical Production in Type 1 Diabetes: Protection by Allopurinol

Marí-Carmen Desco, Miguel Asensi, Rafael Márquez, José Martínez-Valls, Máximo Vento, Federico V. Pallardó, Juan Sastre, and José Viña
Diabetes 2002 51: 1118 -1124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Dose-Dependent Vasodilating Effects of Insulin on Adenosine-Stimulated Myocardial Blood Flow

Jan Sundell, Pirjo Nuutila, Hanna Laine, Matti Luotolahti, Kari Kalliokoski, Olli Raitakari, and Juhani Knuuti
Diabetes 2002 51: 1125 -1130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Elevated Levels of Acute-Phase Proteins and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Predict the Development of Type 2 Diabetes: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study

Andreas Festa, Ralph D’Agostino, Jr, Russell P. Tracy, and Steven M. Haffner
Diabetes 2002 51: 1131 -1137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Lipid Infusion Impairs Physiologic Insulin-Mediated Capillary Recruitment and Muscle Glucose Uptake In Vivo

Lucy H. Clerk, Stephen Rattigan, and Michael G. Clark
Diabetes 2002 51: 1138 -1145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Flux Through the Hexosamine Pathway Is a Determinant of Nuclear Factor B– Dependent Promoter Activation

Leighton R. James, Damu Tang, Alistair Ingram, Hao Ly, Kerri Thai, Lu Cai, and James W. Scholey
Diabetes 2002 51: 1146 -1156. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Increased Urinary Albumin Excretion, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes: Progressive, Interrelated, and Independently Associated With Risk of Death

Coen D.A. Stehouwer, Mari-Anne Gall, Jos W.R. Twisk, Elisabeth Knudsen, Jef J. Emeis, and Hans-Henrik Parving
Diabetes 2002 51: 1157 -1165. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Overexpression of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase Improves Myocardial Contractility in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy

Susanne U. Trost, Darrell D. Belke, Wolfgang F. Bluhm, Markus Meyer, Eric Swanson, and Wolfgang H. Dillmann
Diabetes 2002 51: 1166 -1171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Caspase Activation in Retinas of Diabetic and Galactosemic Mice and Diabetic Patients

Susanne Mohr, Xia Xi, Jie Tang, and Timothy S. Kern
Diabetes 2002 51: 1172 -1179. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Homocysteine Induces Protein Kinase C Activation and Stimulates c-Fos and Lipoprotein Lipase Expression in Macrophages

Marie-Claude Beauchamp and Geneviève Renier
Diabetes 2002 51: 1180 -1187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Polymorphism in Ecto-Nucleotide Pyrophosphatase/Phosphodiesterase 1 Gene (ENPP1/PC-1) and Early Development of Advanced Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes

Luis H. Canani, Daniel P.K. Ng, Adam Smiles, John J. Rogus, James H. Warram, and Andrzej S. Krolewski
Diabetes 2002 51: 1188 -1193. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Altered Phosphodiesterase 3-Mediated cAMP Hydrolysis Contributes to a Hypermotile Phenotype in Obese JCR:LA-cp Rat Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Implications for Diabetes-Associated Cardiovascular Disease

Stuart J. Netherton, Sandra L. Jimmo, Daniel Palmer, Douglas G. Tilley, Heather A. Dunkerley, Daniel R. Raymond, James C. Russell, P. Marlene Absher, E. Helene Sage, Robert B. Vernon, and Donald H. Maurice
Diabetes 2002 51: 1194 -1200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

ATP-Dependent K⁺ Channels Contribute to Local Metabolic Coronary Vasodilation in Experimental Diabetes

Johnathan D. Tune, Clement Yeh, Srinath Setty, and H. Fred Downey
Diabetes 2002 51: 1201 -1207. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

A Common Promoter Polymorphism in the Hepatic Lipase Gene (LIPC-480C>T) Is Associated With an Increase in Coronary Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes

John E. Hokanson, Suzanne Cheng, Janet K. Snell-Bergeon, Bonnie A. Fijal, Michael A. Grow, Chi Hung, Henry A. Erlich, James Ehrlich, Robert H. Eckel, and Marian Rewers
Diabetes 2002 51: 1208 -1213. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Early Decrease of Skin Blood Flow in Response to Locally Applied Pressure in Diabetic Subjects

Berengere Fromy, Pierre Abraham, Celine Bouvet, Beatrice Bouhanick, Philippe Fressinaud, and Jean Louis Saumet
Diabetes 2002 51: 1214 -1217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Difference in Ischemic Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Pigment Epithelium--Derived Factor in Brown Norway and Sprague Dawley Rats Contributing to Different Susceptibilities to Retinal Neovascularization

Guoquan Gao, Yan Li, James Fant, Craig E. Crosson, S. Patricia Becerra, and Jian-xing Ma
Diabetes 2002 51: 1218 -1225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Abnormalities of Glucose Metabolism in Patients With Early Renal Failure

Leonardo A. Sechi, Cristiana Catena, Laura Zingaro, Alessandra Melis, and Sergio De Marchi
Diabetes 2002 51: 1226 -1232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Hepatic Expression of Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein and In Vivo Secretion of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins Are Increased in Obese Diabetic Mice

Emil D. Bartels, Morten Lauritsen, and Lars B. Nielsen
Diabetes 2002 51: 1233 -1239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Genetics:

The Second Activating Glucokinase Mutation (A456V): Implications for Glucose Homeostasis and Diabetes Therapy

Henrik B.T. Christesen, Bendt B. Jacobsen, Stella Odili, Carol Buettger, Antonio Cuesta-Munoz, Torben Hansen, Klaus Brusgaard, Ornella Massa, Mark A. Magnuson, Chiyo Shiota, Franz M. Matschinsky, and Fabrizio Barbetti
Diabetes 2002 51: 1240 -1246. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Genome-Wide Search for Type 2 Diabetes in Japanese Affected Sib-Pairs Confirms Susceptibility Genes on 3q, 15q, and 20q and Identifies Two New Candidate Loci on 7p and 11p

Yasumichi Mori, Shuichi Otabe, Christian Dina, Kazuki Yasuda, Céline Populaire, Cécile Lecoeur, Vincent Vatin, Emmanuelle Durand, Kazuo Hara, Terumasa Okada, Kazuyuki Tobe, Philippe Boutin, Takashi Kadowaki, and Philippe Froguel
Diabetes 2002 51: 1247 -1255. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Epidemiology:

Type 2 Diabetes, APOE Gene, and the Risk for Dementia and Related Pathologies: The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study

Rita Peila, Beatriz L. Rodriguez, and Lenore J. Launer
Diabetes 2002 51: 1256 -1262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Increased Proinsulin Levels and Decreased Acute Insulin Response Independently Predict the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study

Anthony J.G. Hanley, Ralph D’Agostino, Jr., Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Mohammed F. Saad, Peter J. Savage, Richard Bergman, and Steven M. Haffner
Diabetes 2002 51: 1263 -1270. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Early Differential Defects of Insulin Secretion and Action in 19-Year-Old Caucasian Men Who Had Low Birth Weight

Christine B. Jensen, Heidi Storgaard, Flemming Dela, Jens Juul Holst, Sten Madsbad, and Allan A. Vaag
Diabetes 2002 51: 1271 -1280. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Brief Genetics Reports:

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor- Coactivator-1 Gene Locus: Associations With Obesity Indices in Middle-Aged Women

Harald Esterbauer, Hannes Oberkofler, Veronika Linnemayr, Bernhard Iglseder, Margot Hedegger, Peter Wolfsgruber, Bernhard Paulweber, Gerd Fastner, Franz Krempler, and Wolfgang Patsch
Diabetes 2002 51: 1281 -1286. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Online Tables I-IV  

Association Studies of Genetic Variation in the WFS1 Gene and Type 2 Diabetes in U.K. Populations

Jayne A.L. Minton, Andrew T. Hattersley, Katharine Owen, Mark I. McCarthy, Mark Walker, Farida Latif, Timothy Barrett, and Timothy M. Frayling
Diabetes 2002 51: 1287 -1290. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Molecular Analysis of Berardinelli-Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy in Oman: Evidence for Multiple Loci

Kirsten Heathcote, Anna Rajab, Jocelyne Magré, Petros Syrris, Mehran Besti, Michael Patton, Marc Délépine, Mark Lathrop, Jacqueline Capeau, and Steve Jeffery
Diabetes 2002 51: 1291 -1293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Errata:

Errata

Diabetes 2002 51: 1294 . [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Errata

Diabetes 2002 51: 1294 . [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

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