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Original Contributions

Alloxan Stimulation and Inhibition of Insulin Release from Isolated Rat Islets of Langerhans

  1. Daniel C Weaver, PhD,
  2. Michael L McDaniel, PhD,
  3. Stephen P Naber, PhD,
  4. C David Barry, PhD and
  5. Paul E Lacy, MD,PhD
  1. Department of Pathology, the Computer Systems Laboratory, and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri 63110
Diabetes 1978 Dec; 27(12): 1205-1214. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.27.12.1205
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Abstract

The rate of alloxan-induced insulin release was measured from rat islets maintained in a simple perifusion system. Insulin release during the five-minute exposure to alloxan reached its maximum rate after two to three minutes of the exposure and then rapidly declined. This insulin release was dependent upon extracellular calcium and was associated with an increased 45Ca uptake by isolated islets. Once exposed to alloxan, however, the islets did not release insulin when stimulated again with D-glucose or alloxan. These effects of alloxan on insulin release (stimulation and subsequent inhibition) and the increased 45Ca uptake were prevented by the presence of 3-0-methyl-D-glucose during the alloxan exposure. These findings indicate a close correlation between alloxan-induced insulin release and the subsequent inhibition of further insulin release.

D-glucose, when present during the entire five-minute exposure to alloxan, protected competitively against alloxan inhibition of insulin release. In addition, D-glucose, when present immediately after brief (one to three minutes) alloxan exposures, reversed some of the subsequent inhibition of insulin release. These findings suggest that alloxan and D-glucose were competing for a common site on the β-cell. The possibility of this site being a receptor responsible for the initiation of insulin release is discussed.

  • Accepted July 17, 1978.
  • Copyright © 1978 by the American Diabetes Association

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December 1978, 27(12)
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Alloxan Stimulation and Inhibition of Insulin Release from Isolated Rat Islets of Langerhans
Daniel C Weaver, Michael L McDaniel, Stephen P Naber, C David Barry, Paul E Lacy
Diabetes Dec 1978, 27 (12) 1205-1214; DOI: 10.2337/diab.27.12.1205

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Alloxan Stimulation and Inhibition of Insulin Release from Isolated Rat Islets of Langerhans
Daniel C Weaver, Michael L McDaniel, Stephen P Naber, C David Barry, Paul E Lacy
Diabetes Dec 1978, 27 (12) 1205-1214; DOI: 10.2337/diab.27.12.1205
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© 2021 by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Print ISSN: 0012-1797, Online ISSN: 1939-327X.