Skip to main content
  • More from ADA
    • Diabetes Care
    • Clinical Diabetes
    • Diabetes Spectrum
    • ADA Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes
    • ADA Scientific Sessions Abstracts
    • BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
  • Subscribe
  • Log in
  • My Cart
  • Follow ada on Twitter
  • RSS
  • Visit ada on Facebook
Diabetes

Advanced Search

Main menu

  • Home
  • Current
    • Current Issue
    • Online Ahead of Print
    • ADA Scientific Sessions Abstracts
  • Browse
    • By Topic
    • Issue Archive
    • Saved Searches
    • ADA Scientific Sessions Abstracts
    • Diabetes COVID-19 Article Collection
    • Diabetes Symposium 2020
  • Info
    • About the Journal
    • About the Editors
    • ADA Journal Policies
    • Instructions for Authors
    • Guidance for Reviewers
  • Reprints/Reuse
  • Advertising
  • Subscriptions
    • Individual Subscriptions
    • Institutional Subscriptions and Site Licenses
    • Access Institutional Usage Reports
    • Purchase Single Issues
  • Alerts
    • E­mail Alerts
    • RSS Feeds
  • Podcasts
    • Diabetes Core Update
    • Special Podcast Series: Therapeutic Inertia
    • Special Podcast Series: Influenza Podcasts
    • Special Podcast Series: SGLT2 Inhibitors
    • Special Podcast Series: COVID-19
  • Submit
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Submit Cover Art
    • ADA Journal Policies
    • Instructions for Authors
    • ADA Peer Review
  • More from ADA
    • Diabetes Care
    • Clinical Diabetes
    • Diabetes Spectrum
    • ADA Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes
    • ADA Scientific Sessions Abstracts
    • BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care

User menu

  • Subscribe
  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
Diabetes
  • Home
  • Current
    • Current Issue
    • Online Ahead of Print
    • ADA Scientific Sessions Abstracts
  • Browse
    • By Topic
    • Issue Archive
    • Saved Searches
    • ADA Scientific Sessions Abstracts
    • Diabetes COVID-19 Article Collection
    • Diabetes Symposium 2020
  • Info
    • About the Journal
    • About the Editors
    • ADA Journal Policies
    • Instructions for Authors
    • Guidance for Reviewers
  • Reprints/Reuse
  • Advertising
  • Subscriptions
    • Individual Subscriptions
    • Institutional Subscriptions and Site Licenses
    • Access Institutional Usage Reports
    • Purchase Single Issues
  • Alerts
    • E­mail Alerts
    • RSS Feeds
  • Podcasts
    • Diabetes Core Update
    • Special Podcast Series: Therapeutic Inertia
    • Special Podcast Series: Influenza Podcasts
    • Special Podcast Series: SGLT2 Inhibitors
    • Special Podcast Series: COVID-19
  • Submit
    • Submit a Manuscript
    • Submit Cover Art
    • ADA Journal Policies
    • Instructions for Authors
    • ADA Peer Review
Original Articles

Role of Hyperglucagonemia in Maintenance of Increased Rates of Hepatic Glucose Output in Type II Diabetics

  1. Alain D Baron,
  2. Linda Schaeffer,
  3. Paul Shragg and
  4. Orville G Kolterman
  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego Medical Center San Diego, California
  1. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Orville K. Kolterman, M.D., Associate Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego Medical Center,225 Dickinson Street, San Diego, CA 92103.
Diabetes 1987 Mar; 36(3): 274-283. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.36.3.274
PreviousNext
  • Article
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Abstract

Elevated rates of basal hepatic glucose output (bHGO) are significantly correlated with the fasting serum glucose (FSG) level in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). This observation suggests that bHGO is a major determinant of the severity of the diabetic state in these subjects. In addition, basal glucagon levels (bGL) are higher in these diabetics than in control subjects, despite the concurrent basal hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, two factors known to suppress glucagon secretion. Although bGL is responsible for sustaining two-thirds of bHGO in normal humans, its role in sustaining elevated rates of bHGO in NIDDM has not been previously defined. To this end, we have studied 13 normal and 10 NIDDM subjects; mean FSG levels were 90 ± 2 and 262 ± 21 mg/dl, respectively (P <.001). The mean fasting serum insulin and glucagon levels were higher in the diabetics than in the controls: 17 ± 2 vs. 9 ± 1 μU/ml (P < .01) and 208 ± 37 vs. 104 ± 15 pg/ ml (P < .01), respectively. On separate days, HGO was assessed isotopically (with 3-[3H]glucose) in the basal state and during infusion of somatostatin (SRIF) (600 μg/h) alone and in conjunction with replacement infusions of glucose and insulin. The results demonstrate that 1) bHGO is higher in diabetics than in controls (145 ± 12 vs. 89 ± 3 mg m2 ml−1, P < .01); 2) during infusion of SRIF alone, HGO was suppressed by 25% (P < .05) and 34% (P < .05) of the basal value in controls and diabetics, respectively; 3) when the studies were repeated with glucose levels held constant at or near the FSG level by the glucose-clamp technique, the pattern and degree of HGO suppression was similar to that obtained by infusion of SRIF alone; 4) during isolated glucagon deficiency (SRIF + insulin, 5 mU m−2 min−1 with serum glucose maintained at basal level), HGO was suppressed by 71 ± 8% of the basal value in controls (P < .001) and by 58 ± 7% in diabetics (P < .001); and 5) when isolated glucagon deficiency with similar hyperglycemia was created in control subjects, HGO was suppressed by 87% of the basal value. We conclude that 1) elevated glucagon levels contribute significantly to the elevated rates of bHGO in NIDDM subjects, 2) basal glucagon levels sustain ∼71 % of basal HGO in control and 58% in NIDDM subjects, and 3) the excess glucagon effect is largely responsible for the apparent hepatic insulin resistance seen in NIDDM subjects.

  • Received February 21, 1986.
  • Revision received September 9, 1986.
  • Accepted September 9, 1986.
  • Copyright © 1987 by the American Diabetes Association

Log in using your username and password

Forgot your user name or password?

Purchase access

You may purchase access to this article. This will require you to create an account if you don't already have one.
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this Issue

March 1987, 36(3)
  • Table of Contents
  • Index by Author
Sign up to receive current issue alerts
View Selected Citations (0)
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about Diabetes.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Role of Hyperglucagonemia in Maintenance of Increased Rates of Hepatic Glucose Output in Type II Diabetics
(Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Diabetes
(Your Name) thought you would like to see this page from the Diabetes web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
Role of Hyperglucagonemia in Maintenance of Increased Rates of Hepatic Glucose Output in Type II Diabetics
Alain D Baron, Linda Schaeffer, Paul Shragg, Orville G Kolterman
Diabetes Mar 1987, 36 (3) 274-283; DOI: 10.2337/diab.36.3.274

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Add to Selected Citations
Share

Role of Hyperglucagonemia in Maintenance of Increased Rates of Hepatic Glucose Output in Type II Diabetics
Alain D Baron, Linda Schaeffer, Paul Shragg, Orville G Kolterman
Diabetes Mar 1987, 36 (3) 274-283; DOI: 10.2337/diab.36.3.274
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

Cited By...

More in this TOC Section

  • Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide Inhibits Breakdown of the Blood-Retinal Barrier Through Differential Regulation of VEGF-A and Its Receptors in Early Diabetic Rat Retinas
  • Mutation P291fsinsC in the Transcription Factor Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-1α is Dominant Negative
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression in Human Retinal Microvascular Cells
Show more Original Articles

Similar Articles

Navigate

  • Current Issue
  • Online Ahead of Print
  • Scientific Sessions Abstracts
  • Collections
  • Archives
  • Submit
  • Subscribe
  • Email Alerts
  • RSS Feeds

More Information

  • About the Journal
  • Instructions for Authors
  • Journal Policies
  • Reprints and Permissions
  • Advertising
  • Privacy Policy: ADA Journals
  • Copyright Notice/Public Access Policy
  • Contact Us

Other ADA Resources

  • Diabetes Care
  • Clinical Diabetes
  • Diabetes Spectrum
  • Scientific Sessions Abstracts
  • Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes
  • BMJ Open - Diabetes Research & Care
  • Professional Books
  • Diabetes Forecast

 

  • DiabetesJournals.org
  • Diabetes Core Update
  • ADA's DiabetesPro
  • ADA Member Directory
  • Diabetes.org

© 2021 by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Print ISSN: 0012-1797, Online ISSN: 1939-327X.