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Original Articles

Evidence of an Increased Number of Type IIb Muscle Fibers in Insulin-Resistant First-Degree Relatives of Patients with NIDDM

  1. Birgit Nyholm,
  2. Zhuqing Qu,
  3. Andreas Kaal,
  4. Steen Bønnelykke Pedersen,
  5. Claus Højbjerg Gravholt,
  6. Jesper Løvind Andersen,
  7. Bengt Saltin and
  8. Ole Schmitz
  1. Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Diabetes), Institute for Experimental Clinical Research, University of Aarhus Aarhus, Denmark
  2. Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen, Denmark
  1. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Birgit Nyholm, MD, Department of Medicine M (Endocrinology and Diabetes), Kommunehos-pitalet, University Hospital of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Diabetes 1997 Nov; 46(11): 1822-1828. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.46.11.1822
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Abstract

Insulin resistance is a common feature in first-degree relatives of NIDDM patients. To explore the mechanism(s) behind this condition in more detail, a percutaneous muscle biopsy (vastus lateralis) was performed in 25 first-degree relatives of NIDDM patients and 21 control subjects to examine muscle fiber composition and capillary density. Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (Rd) was determined employing a hyperinsulinemic-(insulin infusion rate 0.6 mU · kg−1 · min−1) euglycemic clamp. Rd (5.76 ± 0.35 vs. 8.06 ± 0.36 mg · kg lean body weight [LBW]−1 · min−1 P < 0.001) and estimated Vo2max (49.3 ± 2.8 vs. 57.2 ± 3.5 mg · kg LBW−1 · min−1, 0.05 < P < 0.10) were decreased in the relatives. The number of type lib fibers (29.5 ± 2.5 vs. 21.0 ± 2.8%, P < 0.05) was increased in the relatives, whereas no significant differences were found in other fiber types or capillary density between the groups. Correlations were observed between number of type I fibers (positive), number of type lib fibers (negative), and capillary density (positive) versus Rd as well as estimated Vo3max (P < 0.05). In a multiple linear regression analysis with Rd as a dependent variable, estimated Vo2max, family history of NIDDM, and number of type lib fibers (P < 0.001, r2 = 0.64) significantly determined the level of Rd, whereas capillary density did not. In conclusion, insulin-resistant first-degree relatives of NIDDM patients are characterized by an increased number of type lib muscle fibers. Whether this finding reflects a reduced physical activity level and fitness in the relatives or is of primary genetic origin remains to be determined.

  • Received February 2, 1997.
  • Revision received July 7, 1997.
  • Accepted July 7, 1997.
  • Copyright © 1997 by the American Diabetes Association

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November 1997, 46(11)
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Evidence of an Increased Number of Type IIb Muscle Fibers in Insulin-Resistant First-Degree Relatives of Patients with NIDDM
Birgit Nyholm, Zhuqing Qu, Andreas Kaal, Steen Bønnelykke Pedersen, Claus Højbjerg Gravholt, Jesper Løvind Andersen, Bengt Saltin, Ole Schmitz
Diabetes Nov 1997, 46 (11) 1822-1828; DOI: 10.2337/diab.46.11.1822

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Evidence of an Increased Number of Type IIb Muscle Fibers in Insulin-Resistant First-Degree Relatives of Patients with NIDDM
Birgit Nyholm, Zhuqing Qu, Andreas Kaal, Steen Bønnelykke Pedersen, Claus Højbjerg Gravholt, Jesper Løvind Andersen, Bengt Saltin, Ole Schmitz
Diabetes Nov 1997, 46 (11) 1822-1828; DOI: 10.2337/diab.46.11.1822
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