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Original Articles

Proprotein-Processing Endoprotease Furin Controls Growth of Pancreatic β-Cells

  1. Tsuyoshi Kayo,
  2. Yoshie Sawada,
  3. Masayuki Suda,
  4. Yoshitaka Konda,
  5. Tetsuro Izumi,
  6. Shigeyasu Tanaka,
  7. Hiroshi Shibata and
  8. Toshiyuki Takeuchi
  1. Departments of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
  2. Departments of Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
  1. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Toshiyuki Takeuchi, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Showa-machi, Maebashi 371, Japan. tstake{at}news.sb.gunma-u.ac.jp.
Diabetes 1997 Aug; 46(8): 1296-1304. https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.46.8.1296
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Abstract

We have previously reported that in the well-differentiated β-cell line MIN6 cells, theβ-cell–specific differentiated characteristics, such as insulin content, expression of prohormone convertases PC2 and PC3, and glucose-regulated insulin secretion, diminished when the proprotein-processing endoprotease furin was highly expressed. Since furin converts many growth-related protein precursors to their bioactive forms, we compared the four pancreatic islet cell lines RINm5F, βTC3, βHC9, and MIN6 with respect to cell growth rate, furin expression, endoprotease activity, and insulin content. RINm5F cells exhibited the strongest furin expression, higher furin-type endoprotease activity, and the fastest cell growth, but had the least insulin content. In contrast, MIN6 cells exhibited only a weak furin expression, little furin-type endoprotease activity, and the slowest cell growth, but had the highest insulin content. To test whether furin-expressing cells secrete growth-promoting factors cleaved by furin, we prepared conditioned media from RINmSF and furin cDNA–introduced MIN6 (MIN6-F) cells. The conditioned media from RINm5F and MIN6-F induced increased DNA synthesis and promoted the growth of normal MIN6 cells, compared with the medium from the empty vector-introduced MIN6-0 cells. We then examined the effect of the protease inhibitors α1-antitrypsin and its variants by infecting their vaccinia recombinants to the four cell lines. All conditioned media from each cell line expressing the furin-specific α1-antitrypsin variant exhibited the least DNA synthetic capacity on normal MIN6 cells. Furthermore, all three sublines of MIN6-F grew faster than MIN6-0 and MIN6. Thus, we suggest that the islet cells with higher furin expression may induce increased production of growth factors, which result in an increase in cell growth, through an autocrine/paracrine mechanism.

  • Received September 26, 1996.
  • Revision received March 28, 1997.
  • Accepted March 28, 1997.
  • Copyright © 1997 by the American Diabetes Association

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August 1997, 46(8)
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Proprotein-Processing Endoprotease Furin Controls Growth of Pancreatic β-Cells
Tsuyoshi Kayo, Yoshie Sawada, Masayuki Suda, Yoshitaka Konda, Tetsuro Izumi, Shigeyasu Tanaka, Hiroshi Shibata, Toshiyuki Takeuchi
Diabetes Aug 1997, 46 (8) 1296-1304; DOI: 10.2337/diab.46.8.1296

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Proprotein-Processing Endoprotease Furin Controls Growth of Pancreatic β-Cells
Tsuyoshi Kayo, Yoshie Sawada, Masayuki Suda, Yoshitaka Konda, Tetsuro Izumi, Shigeyasu Tanaka, Hiroshi Shibata, Toshiyuki Takeuchi
Diabetes Aug 1997, 46 (8) 1296-1304; DOI: 10.2337/diab.46.8.1296
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