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Islet Studies

Epidermal Growth Factor Increases Undifferentiated Pancreatic Embryonic Cells In Vitro

A Balance Between Proliferation and Differentiation

  1. Corentin Cras-Méneur,
  2. Lynda Elghazi,
  3. Paul Czernichow and
  4. Raphael Scharfmann
  1. INSERM U457, Hospital R. Debré, Paris, France
    Diabetes 2001 Jul; 50(7): 1571-1579. https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.50.7.1571
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    A Balance Between Proliferation and Differentiation

    Abstract

    During embryonic life, the development of a proper mass of mature pancreatic tissue is thought to require the proliferation of precursor cells, followed by their differentiation into endocrine or acinar cells. We investigated whether perturbing the proliferation of precursor cells in vitro could modify the final mass of endocrine tissue that develops. For that purpose, we used activators or inhibitors of signals mediated by receptor tyrosine kinases. We demonstrated that when embryonic day 13.5 rat pancreatic epithelium is cultured in the presence of PD98059, an inhibitor of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, epithelial cell proliferation is decreased, whereas endocrine cell differentiation is activated. On the other hand, in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF), an activator of the MAP kinase pathway, the mass of tissue that develops is increased, whereas the absolute number of endocrine cells that develops is decreased. Under this last condition, a large number of epithelial cells proliferate but remain undifferentiated. In a second step, when EGF is removed from the pool of immature pancreatic epithelial cells, the cells differentiate en masse into insulin-expressing cells. The total number of insulin-expressing cells that develop can thus be increased by first activating the proliferation of immature epithelial cells with growth factors, thus allowing an increase in the pool of precursor cells, and next allowing their differentiation into endocrine cells by removing the growth factor. This strategy suggests a possible tissue engineering approach to expanding β-cells.

    Footnotes

    • Address correspondence and reprint requests to Raphael Scharfman, PhD, INSERM U457, Hospital R. Debré, 48, Boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France. E-mail: scharfma{at}infobiogen.fr.

      Received for publication 19 September 2000 and accepted in revised form 30 March 2001.

      BrdU, bromo-deoxy-uridine; e, embryonic day; EGF, epidermal growth factor; EGFR, EGF receptor; FCS, fetal calf serum; HBSS, Hanks’ balanced salt solution; MAP, mitogen-activated protein; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline.

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    Epidermal Growth Factor Increases Undifferentiated Pancreatic Embryonic Cells In Vitro
    Corentin Cras-Méneur, Lynda Elghazi, Paul Czernichow, Raphael Scharfmann
    Diabetes Jul 2001, 50 (7) 1571-1579; DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.50.7.1571

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    Epidermal Growth Factor Increases Undifferentiated Pancreatic Embryonic Cells In Vitro
    Corentin Cras-Méneur, Lynda Elghazi, Paul Czernichow, Raphael Scharfmann
    Diabetes Jul 2001, 50 (7) 1571-1579; DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.50.7.1571
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