Aberrant Endometrial Features of Pregnancy in Diabetic NOD Mice
Article Figures & Tables
Figures
- FIG. 1.
Blood glucose values of mated NOD mice. Mice were classified as normoglycemic (n = 5; ▪; <11 mmol/l), pre-diabetic (n = 7; ▴; >11.1–14.9 mmol/l), or diabetic (n = 7; ♦; >15 mmol/l) based on values measured at gd10. Pregnancy elevated blood glucose values in all animals, with the largest increase in diabetic mice before conception. Diabetic NOD mice showed an increase in blood glucose from three previous measurements (P < 0.005).
- FIG. 2.
A litter of gd18 fetuses born to an overtly diabetic NOD dam. Three neural tube defects and widely variable fetal size were noted. At necropsy, only 50% had the potential to survive, all exhibited congenital defects.
- FIG. 3.
uNK cell counts within the (A) MLAp and (B) decidua basalis of NOD.scid, normoglycemic, pre-diabetic, and diabetic NOD implantation sites. *P < 0.05 compared with NOD.scid implantation sites. **P < 0.001 compared with normoglycemic and pre-diabetic NOD implantation sites. Data are means ± SE from n = 3 mice per group (three viable implantation sites per mouse).
- FIG. 4.
A: Spiral artery lumen diameter (μm) in NOD.scid, normoglycemic, pre-diabetic, and diabetic NOD mice at gd10. B: Wall-to-lumen ratios of spiral arteries in NOD.scid, normoglycemic, pre-diabetic, and diabetic implantation sites. All groups are significantly different (P < 0.05), except for NOD.scid versus normoglycemic NOD mice. Data are means ± SE from n = 3 mice per group (three viable implantation sites per mouse).
- FIG. 5.
Representative VCAM-1 staining in gd8 mouse tissues. Endothelium in vessels of decidua basalis consistently appeared more reactive in B6 mice (arrow) (A) than in diabetic NOD mice (arrow) (B). Pancreatic islets of B6 mice were unreactive (C) but were strongly reactive in diabetic NOD mice (arrow) (D). The latter showed leukocyte infiltration (arrowhead), consistent with insulitis observed in overt diabetes. Tissues illustrated are from paired single donors. Counterstained with hematoxylin. Bar = 20 μm. (Please see http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db07-0773 for a high-quality digital representation of this figure.)
- FIG. 6.
Human CD56+ cells bound to peripheral lymph node from B6, normoglycemic NOD, pre-diabetic NOD, or diabetic NOD mice per high-powered field (×400 magnification). Data are presented from replicate experiments using the same blood donor. *P < 0.05 vs. B6, **P < 0.05 vs. B6 and diabetic NOD mice.
- FIG. 7.
FITC-DX5+ splenic NK cells (A) or DX5+/CMAC+ splenic NK/lymphocytes (B) bound to peripheral lymph node, pancreas, or gd7 uterus from normal B6 mice per high-powered field (×400 magnification). Splenocyte donors are B6, normoglycemic NOD, or diabetic NOD mice. *P < 0.05 vs. B6, **P < 0.05 vs. B6 and normoglycemic NOD splenocyte binding.
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