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Original Article

AMP-Activated Protein Kinase–Deficient Mice Are Resistant to the Metabolic Effects of Resveratrol

  1. Jee-Hyun Um1,
  2. Sung-Jun Park1,
  3. Hyeog Kang1,
  4. Shutong Yang1,
  5. Marc Foretz2,3,
  6. Michael W. McBurney4,
  7. Myung K. Kim1,
  8. Benoit Viollet2,3 and
  9. Jay H. Chung1
  1. 1Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland;
  2. 2Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 8104), Paris, France;
  3. 3National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France;
  4. 4Center for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
  1. Corresponding author: Jay H. Chung, chungj{at}nhlbi.nih.gov.
  1. J.-H.U. and S.-J.P. contributed equally to this article.

Diabetes 2010 Mar; 59(3): 554-563. https://doi.org/10.2337/db09-0482
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound that is found in grapes and red wine, increases metabolic rate, insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial biogenesis, and physical endurance and reduces fat accumulation in mice. Although it is thought that resveratrol targets Sirt1, this is controversial because resveratrol also activates 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which also regulates insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial biogenesis. Here, we use mice deficient in AMPKα1 or -α2 to determine whether the metabolic effects of resveratrol are mediated by AMPK.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Mice deficient in the catalytic subunit of AMPK (α1 or α2) and wild-type mice were fed a high-fat diet or high-fat diet supplemented with resveratrol for 13 weeks. Body weight was recorded biweekly and metabolic parameters were measured. We also used mouse embryonic fibroblasts deficient in AMPK to study the role of AMPK in resveratrol-mediated effects in vitro.

RESULTS Resveratrol increased the metabolic rate and reduced fat mass in wild-type mice but not in AMPKα1−/− mice. In the absence of either AMPKα1 or -α2, resveratrol failed to increase insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, mitochondrial biogenesis, and physical endurance. Consistent with this, the expression of genes important for mitochondrial biogenesis was not induced by resveratrol in AMPK-deficient mice. In addition, resveratrol increased the NAD-to-NADH ratio in an AMPK-dependent manner, which may explain how resveratrol may activate Sirt1 indirectly.

CONCLUSIONS We conclude that AMPK, which was thought to be an off-target hit of resveratrol, is the central target for the metabolic effects of resveratrol.

Footnotes

  • The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

  • See accompanying commentary, p. 551.

    • Received April 1, 2009.
    • Accepted October 30, 2009.
  • © 2010 by the American Diabetes Association.
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March 2010, 59(3)
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AMP-Activated Protein Kinase–Deficient Mice Are Resistant to the Metabolic Effects of Resveratrol
Jee-Hyun Um, Sung-Jun Park, Hyeog Kang, Shutong Yang, Marc Foretz, Michael W. McBurney, Myung K. Kim, Benoit Viollet, Jay H. Chung
Diabetes Mar 2010, 59 (3) 554-563; DOI: 10.2337/db09-0482

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AMP-Activated Protein Kinase–Deficient Mice Are Resistant to the Metabolic Effects of Resveratrol
Jee-Hyun Um, Sung-Jun Park, Hyeog Kang, Shutong Yang, Marc Foretz, Michael W. McBurney, Myung K. Kim, Benoit Viollet, Jay H. Chung
Diabetes Mar 2010, 59 (3) 554-563; DOI: 10.2337/db09-0482
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