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Metabolism

Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid May Improve Liver and Muscle but Not Adipose Tissue Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Men and Women

  1. Marleen Kars1,
  2. Ling Yang2,
  3. Margaret F. Gregor2,
  4. B. Selma Mohammed1,
  5. Terri A. Pietka1,
  6. Brian N. Finck1,
  7. Bruce W. Patterson1,
  8. Jay D. Horton3,
  9. Bettina Mittendorfer1,
  10. Gökhan S. Hotamisligil2 and
  11. Samuel Klein1
  1. 1Center for Human Nutrition and Atkins Center of Excellence in Obesity Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri;
  2. 2Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts;
  3. 3Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
  1. Corresponding author: Samuel Klein, sklein{at}wustl.edu.
Diabetes 2010 Aug; 59(8): 1899-1905. https://doi.org/10.2337/db10-0308
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE Insulin resistance is commonly associated with obesity. Studies conducted in obese mouse models found that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to insulin resistance, and treatment with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a bile acid derivative that acts as a chemical chaperone to enhance protein folding and ameliorate ER stress, increases insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of TUDCA therapy on multiorgan insulin action and metabolic factors associated with insulin resistance in obese men and women.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty obese subjects ([means ± SD] aged 48 ± 11 years, BMI 37 ± 4 kg/m2) were randomized to 4 weeks of treatment with TUDCA (1,750 mg/day) or placebo. A two-stage hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp procedure in conjunction with stable isotopically labeled tracer infusions and muscle and adipose tissue biopsies were used to evaluate in vivo insulin sensitivity, cellular factors involved in insulin signaling, and cellular markers of ER stress.

RESULTS Hepatic and muscle insulin sensitivity increased by ∼30% (P < 0.05) after treatment with TUDCA but did not change after placebo therapy. In addition, therapy with TUDCA, but not placebo, increased muscle insulin signaling (phosphorylated insulin receptor substrateTyr and AktSer473 levels) (P < 0.05). Markers of ER stress in muscle or adipose tissue did not change after treatment with either TUDCA or placebo.

CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that TUDCA might be an effective pharmacological approach for treating insulin resistance. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the target cells and mechanisms responsible for this effect.

Footnotes

  • Clinical Trials reg. no. NCT00771901, clinicaltrials.gov.

  • The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

  • © 2010 by the American Diabetes Association.

Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.

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Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid May Improve Liver and Muscle but Not Adipose Tissue Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Men and Women
Marleen Kars, Ling Yang, Margaret F. Gregor, B. Selma Mohammed, Terri A. Pietka, Brian N. Finck, Bruce W. Patterson, Jay D. Horton, Bettina Mittendorfer, Gökhan S. Hotamisligil, Samuel Klein
Diabetes Aug 2010, 59 (8) 1899-1905; DOI: 10.2337/db10-0308

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Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid May Improve Liver and Muscle but Not Adipose Tissue Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Men and Women
Marleen Kars, Ling Yang, Margaret F. Gregor, B. Selma Mohammed, Terri A. Pietka, Brian N. Finck, Bruce W. Patterson, Jay D. Horton, Bettina Mittendorfer, Gökhan S. Hotamisligil, Samuel Klein
Diabetes Aug 2010, 59 (8) 1899-1905; DOI: 10.2337/db10-0308
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