RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Adaptation of Insulin Clearance to Metabolic Demand is a Key Determinant of Glucose Tolerance
JF Diabetes
JO Diabetes
FD American Diabetes Association
SP db191152
DO 10.2337/db19-1152
A1 Gastaldelli, Amalia
A1 Ghani, Muhammad Abdul
A1 DeFronzo, Ralph A.
YR 2020
UL http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/early/2020/10/19/db19-1152.abstract
AB With the development of insulin resistance (IR), there is a compensatory increase in the plasma insulin response to offset the defect in insulin action in order to maintain normal glucose tolerance. The insulin response is the result of two factors: insulin secretion and metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI).T2DM subjects (104 NGT, 57 IGT, and 207), divided in non-obese and obese groups, received a euglycemic insulin-clamp (40 mU/m2.min) and OGTT (75-grams) on separate days. MCRI was calculated during the insulin-clamp performed with 3-3H-glucose and the OGTT and related to IR: peripheral (glucose uptake during insulin clamp), hepatic (basal EGPxFPI), and adipocyte (fasting FFAxFPI).MCRI during the insulin-clamp was reduced in obese versus non-obese NGT (0.60±0.03 vs 0.73±0.02 L/min.m2, p<0.001), in non-obese IGT (0.62±0.02, p<0.004) and in non-obese T2DM (0.68±0.02, p<0.03). The MCRI during the insulin-clamp was strongly and inversely correlated with IR (r=-0.52, p<0.0001). During OGTT the MCRI suppressed within 15-30 minutes in NGT and IGT subjects and remained suppressed. In contrast, there was minimal suppression in T2DM.In conclusion, the development of IR in obese subjects is associated with decline in MCRI that represents a compensatory response to maintain normal glucose tolerance but is impaired in T2DM individuals.