TABLE 1

Plasma metabolite arterial concentrations obtained under basal state or during an isoglycemic clamp from lean and obese Zucker rats

		Lean			Obese
		Control	AICAR	Insulin	Control	AICAR	Insulin
Glucose (mmol/l)	Basal	7.0 ± 0.2	6.8 ± 0.1	6.9 ± 0.2	8.1 ± 0.2*	8.2 ± 0.2*	8.6 ± 0.2*
	Clamp	7.0 ± 0.1	6.9 ± 0.1	6.7 ± 0.1	8.3 ± 0.2*	7.6 ± 0.1*	8.4 ± 0.2*
Insulin (pmol/l)	Basal	238 ± 57	156 ± 24	167 ± 35	1189 ± 166*	895 ± 11*	1008 ± 127*
	Clamp	290 ± 48	136 ± 48‡	380 ± 60∥	1032 ± 158*	167 ± 74‡∥	1224 ± 165*
Fatty acids (mmol/l)	Basal	0.46 ± 0.07	0.50 ± 0.08	0.59 ± 0.12	1.72 ± 0.47*	1.59 ± 0.37*	1.84 ± 0.34*
	Clamp	0.38 ± 0.07	0.11 ± 0.02∥‡	0.34 ± 0.08∥	1.71 ± 0.26*	0.28 ± 0.09∥‡	1.06 ± 0.19*
Glycerol (mmol/l)	Basal	0.21 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.02	0.22 ± 0.03	0.56 ± 0.08*	0.55 ± 0.07*	0.65 ± 0.09*
	Clamp	0.23 ± 0.03	0.38 ± 0.05§	0.21 ± 0.04	0.61 ± 0.06*	0.34 ± 0.02§†	0.69 ± 0.12*
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	Basal	43.8 ± 7.3	32.7 ± 5.2	25.1 ± 4.5	97.7 ± 14.8*	117.1 ± 20.2*	89.3 ± 15.8*
	Clamp	33.5 ± 9.1	21.1 ± 4.2∥	24.7 ± 3.8	96.1 ± 24.2	20.8 ± 3.8∥†	64.6 ± 17.6
Lactate (mmol/l)	Basal	0.55 ± 0.04	0.57 ± 0.03	0.63 ± 0.04	1.10 ± 0.16*	1.21 ± 0.21*	1.30 ± 0.14*
	Clamp	0.60 ± 0.03	13.20 ± 0.38∥‡	0.90 ± 0.06∥	1.03 ± 0.05	12.00 ± 0.53∥‡	1.51 ± 0.13∥

Data are means ± SE; n = 7–10 in each group. Rats were infused either with isotonic saline (control), AICAR (bolus, 100 mg/kg body wt; constant, 10 mg · kg⁻¹ body wt · min⁻¹) or insulin (4 mU · kg⁻¹ min⁻¹).
*
* Significantly different from lean littermates undergoing the same treatment (P < 0.01);
‡
‡ significantly different from control and insulin-infused groups at same time interval (P < 0.01);
†
† significantly different from control infused group at same time interval (P < 0.05);
§
§ clamp value is significantly different from basal (P < 0.05);
∥
∥ clamp value significantly different from basal (P < 0.01).