Plasma pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon, growth hormone, and cortisol concentrations during hyperinsulinemic-stepped hypoglycemic (85, 75, 65, 55, and 45 mg/dl) clamps on day 2 after saline or cortisol infusions on day 1
| Time (min) | Pancreatic polypeptide (pg/ml) | Glucagon (pg/ml) | Growth hormone (ng/ml) | Cortisol (μg/dl) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| After saline | After cortisol | After saline | After cortisol | After saline | After cortisol | After saline | After cortisol | |||||
| −30 | 81 ± 12 | 71 ± 10 | 77 ± 5 | 75 ± 9 | 3.6 ± 1.6 | 3.2 ± 1.3 | 16.5 ± 2.0 | 11.3 ± 1.5 | ||||
| −15 | 80 ± 11 | 78 ± 16 | 76 ± 5 | 76 ± 6 | 3.9 ± 1.8 | 2.7 ± 1.1 | 14.8 ± 1.8 | 9.3 ± 1.2 | ||||
| 0 | 62 ± 7 | 68 ± 13 | 74 ± 5 | 70 ± 6 | 3.4 ± 1.5 | 2.5 ± 0.8 | 14.0 ± 2.1 | 8.8 ± 1.1 | ||||
| 30 | 60 ± 8 | 63 ± 8 | 66 ± 5 | 64 ± 6 | 4.7 ± 1.6 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 13.0 ± 2.0 | 8.3 ± 1.0 | ||||
| 60 | 58 ± 7 | 54 ± 6 | 61 ± 5 | 58 ± 6 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 2.0 ± 1.3 | 12.7 ± 2.1 | 8.5 ± 0.9 | ||||
| 90 | 67 ± 13 | 59 ± 10 | 62 ± 4 | 61 ± 6 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.8 ± 1.2 | 11.4 ± 2.0 | 8.0 ± 1.0 | ||||
| 120 | 58 ± 9 | 54 ± 7 | 62 ± 4 | 62 ± 8 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 10.7 ± 1.4 | 7.2 ± 0.9 | ||||
| 150 | 80 ± 14 | 56 ± 7 | 69 ± 6 | 72 ± 8 | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 10.9 ± 1.9 | 7.8 ± 1.1 | ||||
| 180 | 217 ± 70 | 104 ± 21 | 77 ± 10 | 81 ± 12 | 6.0 ± 0.4 | 4.0 ± 1.7 | 11.3 ± 1.1 | 9.6 ± 1.4 | ||||
| 210 | 240 ± 59 | 253 ± 95 | 97 ± 11 | 92 ± 13 | 12.1 ± 3.3 | 6.5 ± 1.9 | 14.8 ± 1.4 | 10.3 ± 1.3 | ||||
| 240 | 398 ± 79 | 267 ± 50 | 103 ± 11 | 112 ± 18 | 17.8 ± 3.8 | 11.2 ± 2.1 | 17.8 ± 1.0 | 14.7 ± 1.9 | ||||
| 270 | 518 ± 63 | 392 ± 68 | 112 ± 13 | 98 ± 10 | 19.8 ± 4.5 | 16.2 ± 3.5 | 21.4 ± 1.5 | 17.2 ± 1.8 | ||||
| 300 | 467 ± 56 | 398 ± 53 | 103 ± 13 | 121 ± 22 | 20.1 ± 3.2 | 18.8 ± 4.0 | 25.7 ± 2.0 | 21.2 ± 2.0 | ||||
Data are means ± SE. *To convert pancreatic polypeptide to pmol/l multiply by 0.239, glucagon to pmol/l multiply by 0.287, growth hormone to pmol/l multiply by 44.15, and cortisol to nmol/l multiply by 27.59.