Baseline characteristics and rates of change in women who had or developed diabetes and women who remained nondiabetic
| Variable | Diabetes | P value† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 24)* | No (n = 47)* | |||
| Baseline | ||||
| Age (years) | 33 (6) | 32 (5) | 0.81 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.0 (5.6) | 30.4 (4.9) | 0.23 | |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl)‡ | 105 (16) | 97 (8) | 0.02 | |
| 2-h glucose (mg/dl)‡ | 185 (55) | 139 (29) | 0.0008 | |
| Fasting insulin (μU/ml)‡ | 24.1 (12.2) | 18.8 (9.3) | 0.15 | |
| SI§ | 1.01 (0.74) | 1.68 (1.09) | 0.001 | |
| AIRg¶ | 297 (393) | 714 (714) | <0.0001 | |
| Disposition index (SI × AIRg)‖ | 288 (289) | 968 (577) | <0.0001 | |
| Change during follow-up ([final − initial]/time) | ||||
| Duration of follow-up (months) | 44 (18) | 47 (14) | 0.41 | |
| BMI (kg/m2 per year) | −0.06 (1.70) | 0.50 (1.05)†† | 0.15 | |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl per year)‡ | 19 (34)†† | 1 (3)** | 0.01 | |
| 2-h glucose (mg/dl per year)‡ | 28 (49)†† | 4 (12)** | 0.02 | |
| SI (per year)§ | −0.04 (0.29) | 0.04 (0.42) | 0.42 | |
| AIRg (μU · ml−1 · min−1 per year)¶ | −26 (99) | −96 (180)‡‡ | 0.04 | |
| Disposition index (per year)‖ | −33 (58)** | −94 (135)‡‡ | 0.01 | |
Data are means ± SD.
* At any visit for “yes” and at all visits for “no.”
† For comparison between groups by two-group t test.
‡ During 75-g OGTTs.
§ Calculated by minimal model analysis of IVGTT insulin and glucose data.
¶ Incremental insulin area during first 10 min of IVGTT.
‖ A measure of β-cell compensation for insulin resistance.
** P < 0.05,
†† P < 0.01, and
‡‡ P < 0.001 significant change from baseline to final visit within each group, by paired t test.