Plasma amino acid average concentrations (in μmol/l) in the postabsorptive state and after the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clampa
Basal | Clamp | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
T2DM (n = 8) | Control subjects (n = 10) | T2DM (n = 8) | Control subjects (n = 10) | |
Taurine | 126 ± 12‡ | 61 ± 9 | 137 ± 20‡ | 47 ± 6 |
Asparagine | 9 ± 2‡ | 20 ± 4 | 7 ± 1‡ | 13 ± 2* |
Threonine | 99 ± 7† | 116 ± 6 | 63 ± 6*† | 67 ± 5* |
Serine | 87 ± 3 | 107 ± 9 | 63 ± 4* | 65 ± 4* |
Glycine | 154 ± 9 | 173 ± 13 | 143 ± 9 | 134 ± 7 |
Alanine | 306 ± 16 | 303 ± 25 | 254 ± 9 | 226 ± 11* |
Citrulline | 35 ± 3 | 31 ± 2 | 24 ± 1* | 18 ± 1* |
Valine | 250 ± 12 | 227 ± 17 | 173 ± 11* | 133 ± 12* |
Methionine | 17 ± 1 | 20 ± 2 | 9 ± 1* | 14 ± 2* |
Isoleucine | 70 ± 5 | 58 ± 4 | 30 ± 4* | 18 ± 2* |
Leucine | 129 ± 5 | 137 ± 11 | 61 ± 5* | 69 ± 8* |
Tyrosine | 49 ± 4 | 55 ± 4 | 29 ± 2* | 29 ± 2* |
Phenylalanine | 49 ± 2 | 46 ± 2 | 34 ± 2* | 29 ± 2* |
Ornitine | 62 ± 4 | 57 ± 4 | 40 ± 6* | 43 ± 4* |
Lysine | 173 ± 5 | 176 ± 10 | 131 ± 7* | 122 ± 11* |
Histidine | 68 ± 3 | 67 ± 4 | 58 ± 2* | 52 ± 4* |
Arginine | 68 ± 3 | 91 ± 16 | 48 ± 6 | 50 ± 7* |
Total AA | 1,749 ± 26 | 1,726 ± 61 | 1,304 ± 57* | 1,117 ± 49* |
BCAA | 447 ± 20 | 423 ± 31 | 264 ± 20* | 220 ± 20* |
aBCAA = Branched-chain amino acids. Glutamine, glutamate, and proline were not determined.
*P < 0.05 or less vs. basal (by ANOVA, post hoc Tukey test).
†P < 0.05.
‡P < 0.02 or less, type 2 diabetic vs. control subjects (by ANOVA, either interaction or group effect). T2DM, type 2 diabetic subjects.