HLA associations in a maximum of 1,177 adult-onset autoimmune diabetic case subjects and 2,210 control subjects
| SNP (allele or genotype) | N (frequency) | OR [95% CI] | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case subjects | Control subjects | ||||
| rs2187668 (DR3)* | 585 (0.25) | 395 (0.09) | 3.37 [2.92–3.90] | 2.31 × 10−65 | |
| rs660895 (DR4)* | 868 (0.37) | 662 (0.16) | 3.34 [2.94–3.81] | 8.65 × 10−84 | |
| DR3† | 567 (0.25) | 380 (0.09) | 5.36 [4.53–6.34] | ||
| DR4† | 852 (0.37) | 656 (0.16) | 4.98 [4.23–5.77] | ||
| DRX† | 857 (0.38) | 3,138 (0.75) | 1.00 (ref.) | 2.02 × 10−179 | |
| 3/3‡ | 75 (0.07) | 15 (0.01) | 37.97 [21.26–67.81] | 7.22 [4.07–12.79] | |
| 3/4‡ | 222 (0.20) | 64 (0.03) | 26.22 [18.94–36.30] | 4.98 [3.65–6.80] | |
| 4/4‡ | 142 (0.12) | 47 (0.02) | 22.42 [15.48–32.48] | 4.26 [2.98–6.10] | |
| 4/X‡ | 346 (0.30) | 498 (0.24) | 5.26 [4.23–6.54] | 1.00 (ref.) | |
| 3/X‡ | 195 (0.17) | 286 (0.14) | 5.15 [4.02–6.60] | 0.98 [0.78–1.23] | |
| X/X‡ | 158 (0.14) | 1,177 (0.56) | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.19 [0.15–0.24] | |
The SNPs rs2187668 and rs660895 were used as proxies for HLA-DRB1*03 (DR3) and HLA-DRB1*04 (DR4) alleles, respectively, and to code for the DR3/4/X genotypes (see research design and methods). The P values reported are for a model that assumes multiplicative allelic effects either for the individual SNPs or for the joint effects of both DR3 and DR4.
*Individual SNP associations of rs2187668 and rs660895 use all samples genotyped at the test SNP.
†A joint effects model including both DR3 (rs2187668) and DR4 (rs660895). Only samples genotyped at both SNPs were included (see research design and methods).
‡The genotype effects model. Only samples genotyped at both SNPs were included (see research design and methods). No P value is reported for this model because a multiplicative allelic effects model was an appropriate approximation (P = 0.55). N, number of chromosomes or genotypes.