Characteristics of healthy control subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes participating in the pilot and main studies
| Pilot study: glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, effects of exogenous GLP-1 [7-36] amide ± exendin [9-39] | Main study: meal-stimulated insulin secretion and effects of vildagliptin vs. placebo ± exendin [9-39] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Healthy control subjects | Healthy control subjects | Patients with type 2 diabetes | |||
| Sex, n | ||||||
| Female | 2 | 3 | 3 | |||
| Male | 4 | 26 | 29 | |||
| % female | 33.3 | 10.3 | 9.4 | |||
| Age (years) | 45 ± 12 | 31–58 | 60 ± 9 | 41–72 | 61 ± 9 | 37–73 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.5 ± 1.9 | 20.7–26.1 | 27.1 ± 2.6 | 20.7–32.2 | 28.7 ± 3.3 | 23.1–34.8 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 4.7 ± 0.6 | 3.7–5.4 | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 4.2–6.2 | 7.8 ± 1.2 | 5.5–10.5 |
| 2-h glucose after 75-g OGTT (mmol/L) | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 4.4–7.1 | 6.3 ± 1.5 | 2.8–8.5 | NA | NA |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.3 ± 0.1 | 5.1–5.5 | 5.4 ± 0.3 | 4.8–5.9 | 7.2 ± 0.5 | 6.3–8.4 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | NA | NA | 6 ± 6 | 0–24 | ||
| Pretreatment with metformin, n | NA | NA | ||||
| Yes | 22 | |||||
| No | 10 | |||||
| % yes | 68.8 | |||||
| Metformin dose (mg/day) | NA | NA | 1,581 ± 548 | |||
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 0.5–3.1 | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 0.6–4.4 | ||
| Serum creatinine (μmol/l) | 80 ± 18 | 62–97 | 85 ± 10 | 67–116 | 83 ± 12 | 61–105 |
Data are mean ± SD or range unless otherwise indicated. NA, not applicable; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test.